ANALYSIS OF THE TRACE ELEMENT CONTENT OF GRAPE MOLASSES PRODUCED BY TRADITIONAL MEANS

Molasses, sugar and other food additives, such as without adding any substance, concentrated by boiling and shelf life isa long concentrated product. Molasses is an important food for humans in terms of mineral content and high energycontent. Grape fruit is considered as a rich food source with strong health effects. Grape fruit generally contains 70-80%water, 15-25% carbohydrate and small amount of minerals, amino acids, phenolic compounds. Heavy metals are highlytoxic elements, which can severely influence plants and animals and have been involved in causing a large number ofafflictions. Heavy metals in the environment are non-biodegradable and ubiquitous, it can cause serious human healthhazards and momentous ecological effects through food chain's bioaccumulation. Inorganic micro-pollutants are ofimportant concern because they are non-biodegradable, highly toxic and have a probable carcinogenic influence. In thisstudy, it was aimed to determine the heavy metal levels in grape molasses collected from the villages of Karaman and toemphasize the importance of nutrition in carob molasses. The samples were prepared to be 2 parallel for each sample andwere solutioned by wet burning method. The concentrations of the determined elements were determined by FlameAtomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). Traditional produced grape molasses are determined by comparing metalcontents with each other and with standard values.

PDF

___

Akbulut. M.. & Özcan. M. M. (2008). "Some physical. chemical. and rheological properties of sweet sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L) Moench) Pekmez (Molasses)." International Journal of Food Properties. 11(1). 79-91.
Artık, N., & Velioğlu, S. (1993). Research on Determining the Compliance of Some Molasses Samples to the Standard.. Standard, 32, 51-54.
Assis, R.A.D., Küchler, I.L., Miekeley, N., & Silveira, C.L.P.D. (2008). Trace elements and sodium in grape juice: nutritional and toxicological aspects. Química Nova, 31(8), 1948-1952.
Chatterjee. J.. & Chatterjee. C. (2000). "Phytotoxicity of cobalt. chromium and copper in cauliflower." Environmental pollution. 109(1). 69-74.
Cherfi. A.. Achour. M.. Cherfi. M.. Otmani. S.. & Morsli. A. (2015). "Health risk assessment of heavy metals through consumption of vegetables irrigated with reclaimed urban wastewater in Algeria." Process safety and environmental protection. 98. 245-252.
Demirci, S.K.M. (2006). Effects of storage time and condition on mineral contents of grape pekmez produced by vacuum and classical methods. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 1-7.
Demirözü. B.. Sökmen. M.. Uçak. A.. Yilmaz. H.. & Gülderen. Ş. (2002). "Variation of copper. iron. and zinc levels in pekmez products." Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 69(3). 330-334.
Fan. Y.. Li. H.. Xue. Z.. Zhang. Q.. & Cheng. F. (2017). "Accumulation characteristics and potential risk of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system under greenhouse cultivation condition in Northern China." Ecological engineering. 102. 367-373.
ICH. (1996). Guidance for Industry: Validation of Analytical Procedures: Definitions and Terminology. Q2A. Geneva Switzerland.
Karababa. E.. & Develi Isikli. N. (2005). "Pekmez: A traditional concentrated fruit product." Food reviews international. 21(4). 357-366.
Nabulo. G.. Oryem-Origa. H.. & Diamond. M. (2006). "Assessment of lead. cadmium. and zinc contamination of roadside soils. surface films. and vegetables in Kampala City. Uganda." Environmental Research. 101(1). 42-52.
Ohki. A.. Nakajima. T.. Hirakawa. S.. Hayashi. K.. & Takanashi. H. (2016). "A simple method of the recovery of selenium from food samples for the determination by ICP-MS." Microchemical Journal. 124. 693-698.
Petkova. N.. Petrova. I.. Ivanov. I.. Mihov. R.. Hadjikinova. R.. Ognyanov. M.. & Nikolova. V. (2017). "Nutritional and antioxidant potential of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) flour and evaluation of functional properties of its polysaccharide fraction." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 9(11). 2189- 2195.
Quinaia. S.P.. & Nobrega. J.A. (1999). "Direct determination of chromium in gelatine by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry." Food chemistry. 64(3). 429-433.
Segura-Muñoz. S.I.. da Silva Oliveira. A.. Nikaido. M.. Trevilato. T.M.B.. Bocio. A.. Takayanagui. A.M.M.. & Domingo. J.L. (2006). "Metal levels in sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) samples from an area under the influence of a municipal landfill and a medical waste treatment system in Brazil." Environment International. 32(1). 52-57.
Tarakçı, Z., & Küçüköner, E. (2003). Investigation of Some Mineral and Heavy Metal Content of Various Herbal Additive Dairy Products. III. Food Engineering Congress, (2-3 October), Ankara, 448-449.
Tosun. I.. & Ustun. N.S. (2003). "Nonenzymic browning during storage of white hard grape pekmez (Zile pekmezi)." Food Chemistry. 80(4). 441-443.
TFC. (2017). Turkish Food Codex Communiqué on Grape Molasses (Communiqué No: 2017/8).
Viran. R.. Erkoç. F.Ü.. Polat. H.. & Koçak. O. (2003). "Investigation of acute toxicity of deltamethrin on guppies (Poecilia reticulata)." Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 55(1). 82-85.
Xia. J.. Xu. J.. Hu. L.. & Liu. X. (2016). "Enhanced poly (L-malic acid) production from pretreated cane molasses by Aureobasidium pullulans in fed-batch fermentation." Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 46(8). 798-802.
Yıldız. E.. Saçmacı. Ş.. Kartal. Ş.. & Saçmacı. M. (2016). "A new chelating reagent and application for coprecipitation of some metals in food samples by FAAS." Food chemistry. 194. 143-148.
Zhao. Q.. Wang. Y.. Cao. Y.. Chen. A.. Ren. M.. Ge. Y.. ... & Ruan. L. (2014). "Potential health risks of heavy metals in cultivated topsoil and grain. including correlations with human primary liver. lung and gastric cancer. in Anhui province. Eastern China." Science of the Total Environment. 470. 340-347.
Zhang. Y.Y.. Bu. Y.F.. & Liu. J.Z. (2015). "Production of L-ornithine from sucrose and molasses by recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum." Folia microbiologica. 60(5). 393-398.
Zhang. Y.. Ji. X.. Ku. T.. Li. G.. & Sang. N. (2016). "Heavy metals bound to fine particulate matter from northern China induce season-dependent health risks: a study based on myocardial toxicity." Environmental pollution. 216. 380-390.

ISSN: 2587-1366
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2017
Yayıncı: Mersin Uüniversitesi

Arşiv