Alireza LAHOOTI ESHKEVARI, Hossein TORKAMAN

Simplified model predictive current control of non-sinusoidal low power brushless DC machines

Several strategies have been proposed to control nonsinusoidal brushless DC machines (BLDCMs). However, high electromagnetic torque ripple and current overshoots occur in commutation times, which are significant problems of those strategies such as for hysteresis current controllers. This paper proposes a model predictive strategy to solve the above issues. It is simple and straightforward. Moreover, it reduces the motor torque ripple significantly and improves the response rate of the control system to the load torque variation in comparison with the conventional technique. The torque varies smoothly, and the performance of the system at commutation time is improved by eliminating the adverse effects of commutation times on the machine’s current and torque. This method also operates better than the conventional controller in medium switching frequencies. The novelty of this strategy is that it employs a model predictive strategy to realize the above claims. The real implementation possibility and performance of the controller are investigated by simulations for a 60-V/180-W/300-RPM BLDCM. This paper also compares the proposed current controller with the conventional controller. The results show that the torque ripple reduces 50%, and the brake and response times are improved.

PDF

___

1] Chau KT. Electric Vehicle Machines and Drives. 1st ed. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
[2] Chuang N, Gale TJ, Langman RA. Developing measuring inductance strategies on a direct current machine using a DC source with magnetic saturation. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 2016; 44 (5): 1094-1111. doi: 10.1002/cta.2127
[3] Hosseinzadeh Soreshjani M, Abjadi N, Arab Markadeh G. A new arrangement of Z-source AC–AC converter and its closed-loop control system. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 2015; 43 (10): 1491-1507. doi: 10.1002/cta.2023
[4] Liu S, Ge B, You X, Jiang X, Abu‐Rub H et al. A novel quasi‐Z‐source indirect matrix converter. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 2015; 43 (4): 438-454. doi: 10.1002/cta.1952
5] Halvaei Niasar A, Moazzemi M. Design and implementation of direct power control system for brushless DC generator in standalone DC applications. Electric Power Components and Systems 2017; 45 (7): 752-762. doi: 10.1080/15325008.2017.1309722
[6] Yoon Y, Kim J. Precision control of a sensorless PM BLDC motor using PLL control algorithm. Electrical Engineering 2018; 100: 1097-1111. doi: 10.1007/s00202-017-0571-x
[7] Yilmaz M, Tuncay RN, Ustun O, Krein TP. Sensorless control of brushless DC motor based on Wavelet theory. Electric Power Components and Systems 2009; 37 (10): 1063-1080.
[8] Kim KH, Youn MJ. DSP-based high-speed sensorless control for a brushless DC motor using a DC link voltage control. Electric Power Components and Systems 2002; 30 (9): 889-906.
[9] Oksuztepe E, Omac Z, Kurum H. Sensorless vector control of PMSM with non-sinusoidal flux using observer based on FEM. Electrical Engineering 2014; 96 (3): 227-238.
[10] Paul AR, George M. Brushless DC motor control using digital PWM techniques. In: International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Computing and Networking Technologies; Thuckafay, India; 2011. pp. 733-738.
[11] Lee BK, Ehsani M, Advanced Simulation Model for Brushless DC Motor Drives. Electric Power Components and Systems 2003; 31 (9): 841-868.
[12] Xia C, Wu D, Shi T, Chen W. A current control scheme of brushless DC motors driven by four-switch three-phase inverters. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics 2017; 5 (1): 547-558.
[13] Hajiaghasi S, Salemnia A, Motabarian F. Four switches direct power control of BLDC motor with trapezoidal back-EMF. In: 8th Power Electronics, Drive Systems & Technologies Conference (PEDSTC); Mashhad, Iran; 2017. pp. 513-518.
[14] Shi T, Cao Y, Jiang G, Li X, Xia C. A torque control strategy for torque ripple reduction of brushless DC motor with nonideal back electromotive force. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2017; 64 (6): 4423-4433. doi: 10.1109/TIE.2017.2674587
[15] Seguritan A, Rotunno M. Torque pulsation compensation for a DC motor using an extended Kalman filter approach. In: Proceedings of the 41st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control; Las Vegas, NV, USA; 2002. pp. 486-491.
[16] Kommula BN, Kota VR, A novel scheme for torque ripple minimization of BLDC motor used in solar air conditioner. Electrical Engineering 2018; 100: 2473-2483. doi:10.1007/s00202-018-0721-9
[17] Salah WA, Ishak D, Zneid BA, Abu Al Aish A, Jadin MS et al. Implementation of PWM control strategy for torque ripples reduction in brushless DC motors. Electrical Engineering 2015; 97 (3): 239-250.
[18] Liu Y, Zhu ZQ, Howe D. Commutation-torque-ripple minimization in direct-torque-controlled PM brushless DC drives. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications 2007; 43 (4): 1012-1021.
[19] Tarusan SAA, Jidin A, Huzainirah I, Rahim MK, Karim KA. DTC brushless DC motor by using constant switching frequency. In: IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon); Melaka, Malaysia; 2016. pp. 205-209.
[20] Nair DS, Jagadanand G, George S. Analysis of direct torque controlled BLDC motor with reduced torque ripple. In: IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems (SPICES); Kozhikode, India; 2015. pp. 1-5.
[21] Nguyen DD, Ta MC. New Direct Torque Control Scheme for BLDC Motor Drives Suitable for EV Applica- tions. In: IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC); Coimbra, Portugal; 2014. pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/VPPC.2014.7007109
[22] Muthu R, Kumaran MR, Rajaraman LAA, Ganesh P, Reddy PGP. Direct Torque Control of matrix converter fed BLDC motor. In: IEEE 6th India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE); Kurukshetra, India; 2014. pp. 1-6.
[23] Noroozi MA, Moghani JS, Monfared JM, Givi H. An improved direct torque control of brushless DC motors using twelve voltage space vectors. In: 3rd Power Electronics and Drive Systems Technology (PEDSTC); Tehran, Iran; 2012. pp. 133-138.
24] Ozturk SB, Alexander WC, Toliyat HA. Direct torque control of four-switch brushless DC motor with non-sinusoidal back EMF. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2010; 25 (2): 263-271.
[25] Ozturk SB, Toliyat HA. Direct Torque Control of Brushless DC Motor with Non-sinusoidal Back-EMF. In: IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference; Antalya, Turkey; 2007. pp. 165-171.
[26] Yong L, Zhu ZQ, Howe D. Direct torque control of brushless DC drives with reduced torque ripple. IEEE Transac- tions on Industry Applications 2005; 41 (2): 599-608. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2005.844853
[27] Siami M, Khaburi DA, Rodriguez J. Simplified finite control set-model predictive control for matrix converter-fed PMSM drives. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2018; 33 (3): 2438-2446.
[28] Wang F, Mei X, Tao P, Kennel R, Rodriguez J. Predictive field-oriented control for electric drives. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2017; 3 (1): 73-78. doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2017.7961324
[29] Wang F, Mei X, Rodriguez J, Kennel R. Model predictive control for electrical drive systems-an overview. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2017; 1 (3): 219-230.
[30] Vazquez S, Rodriguez J, Rivera M, Franquelo LG, Norambuena M. Model predictive control for power converters and drives: advances and trends. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2017; 64 (2): 935-947.
[31] Valle RL, Almeida PMD, Ferreira AA, Barbosa PG. Unipolar PWM predictive current-mode control of a variable- speed low inductance BLDC motor drive. IET Electric Power Applications 2017; 11 (5): 688-696.
[32] Siami M, Khaburi DA, Rivera M, Rodriguez J. A computationally efficient lookup table based FCS-MPC for PMSM drives fed by matrix converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2017; 64 (10): 7645-7654.
[33] Siami M, Khaburi DA, Rivera M, Rodriguez J. An experimental evaluation of predictive current control and predictive torque control for a PMSM fed by a matrix converter. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2017; 64 (11): 8459-8471.
[34] Zhang Y, Xia B, Yang H, Rodriguez J. Overview of model predictive control for induction motor drives. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2016; 2 (1): 62-76.
[35] Garcia C, Rodriguez J, Silva C, Rojas C, Zanchetta P et al. Full predictive cascaded speed and current control of an induction machine. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2016; 31 (3): 1059-1067. doi: 10.1109/TEC.2016.2559940
[36] Zhou D, Zhao J, Liu Y. Predictive torque control scheme for three-phase four-switch inverter-fed induction motor drives with DC-link voltages offset suppression. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2015; 30 (6): 3309-3318.
[37] Rojas CA, Rodriguez J, Villarroel F, Espinoza JR, Silva CA et al. Predictive torque and flux control without weight- ing factors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2013; 60 (2): 681-690. doi: 10.1109/TIE.2012.2206344
[38] Lahooti Eshkevari A, Mosallanejad A, Sepasian MS. Design and analysis of a simple predictive power controller for a 1.0-kV single-phase NPC PWM rectifier. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 2018; 46 (12): 2495-2511.