Performance analysis of distributed fiber Raman amplifiers employing higher order pumping schemes in optical transmission systems

Performance of fiber Raman amplifier is explored with special emphasis on higher order pumping configurations for wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission systems. The amplification analysis is done in terms ofequivalent noise figure (ENF), optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), and double Rayleigh backscattering (DRBS) noisepowers. The investigations reveal that at 36 dB on–off gain, ENF improvement of 1 dB (using second order pumping)and of 2 dB (using third order pumping configuration) can be achieved. On similar lines, by varying input optical powerand fiber length, OSNR and DRBS are reported for the higher order of pumping configurations. Overall, the workpresents improvements of about 1 dB in ENF and 0.03 dB in OSNR. These investigations are produced at lower inputsignal powers.

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