Özlem AYDIN, Gülnihan GÖL, Füsun GÖNEN DEDE, Dilek AKIN

Preanalitik süreçte kan alma hatalarının incelenmesi

Amaç: İnsan faktörünün aktif rol oynadığı numune toplama hataları, kan alan kişinin kişisel özellikleri ve deneyimine bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, hastanemizde yatan hastalar ile ayaktan hastaların kan örneklerindeki preanalitik hata oranlarının karşılaştırılması ve kan toplama hatalarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Preanalitik hatalar, Laboratuvar Bilgi Sistemi’ndeki 10 aylık periyoda ait reddedilen numune kayıtlarının incelenmesiyle belirlendi. Bu numuneler, çalışma gruplarına ve preanalitik hata gruplarına ayrıldı. Kan alma ünitesinde çalışan her bir hemşirenin günlük numune alma sayısı hesaplandı.Bulgular: Reddedilen total numune oranı yatan hastalarda %1,23 ve ayaktan hastalarda %0,2 (P = 0.000)’ydi. Kan alma ünitesinde çalışan bir hemşirenin günlük aldığı kan numunesi sayısı, yaklaşık olarak 200’dü. Pıhtılı numune ve yetersiz hacim en sık numune ret sebepleri olarak bulundu. Sonuçlar: Preanalitik hataların çoğu, flebotomistlerin ve hemşirelerin uygun şekilde eğitilmeleri ile azaltılabilir. Hastanede çalışmaya yeni başlayan hemşirelerin eğitim programına uygulamalı kan alma eğitimi dahil edilebilir. Preanalitik hataların azalması hasta güvenliğine katkıda bulunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kan örneği toplama, eğitim, deneyim, hemşire, preanalitik hatalar

Investigation of blood collection errors in the preanalytical process

Aim: Sample collection errors, in which the human factor plays an active role, depend on the experience and personal characteristics of the blood-drawing person. This study aimed to investigate blood collection errors and to compare the rates of pre-analytical errors in blood samples of outpatients and inpatients in our hospital.Material and Methods: Pre-analytical errors were determined by examining rejected samples from the Laboratory Information System records for a period of 10 months. The samples were separated into working groups and pre-analytical error groups. The daily number of sampling procedures was calculated for each nurse working in the blood collection unit.Results: The total rate of rejected samples was 0.2% in outpatients and 1.23% in inpatients (P = 0.000). Nurses working in the blood collection unit drew about 200 blood samples each per day. Clotted samples and insufficient volume were the most often found causes for rejection of samples. Conclusion: Most preanalytical errors can be reduced by appropriate training of phlebotomists and nurses. Practical blood draw training can be included in the training program of nurses new starting to work in hospital. The reduction of preanalytical errors will contribute to patient safety.

Keywords:

Blood sample collection, education, experience, nurse, pre-analytical errors,

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