Pınar AKHANLI, Sanem KAYHAN, Gökşen İNANÇ İMAMOĞLU, Özlem AYDIN İSAK, Sema HEPŞEN

Meme kanseri risk faktörleri belirlenmesi: Tek merkez deneyimi

Amaç: Ülkemiz gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ise meme kanseri sıklığı giderek artmaktadır. Meme kanserinin ortaya konulan birçok risk faktörleri bulunmakla birlikte, ortaya konmamış risk faktörleri de olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı, merkezimizde takip ve tedavi edilen meme kanserli hastaların demografik verileri ve meme kanserine ait risk faktörlerini ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2005-2015 tarihleri arasında meme kanseri nedeni ile takip ve tedavi edilen 237 kadın hasta alındı. Hastaların demografik bilgileri, ailesel özellikleri, meme kanseri tipi, histolojisi, evresi ve derecesi, hormon reseptör ve HER2 reseptör durumu dosyalarından elde edilerek kaydedildi. Meme kanseri tanısı olan hastalar, kendi içinde risk faktörleri, prognostik faktörler ve meme kanseri özellikleri açısından gruplandırarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Erken menarş ile PR+ liği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (p=0,034). Erken menarş olanlarda, hastalığın daha erken ortaya çıktığı saptandı (p=0,004). TNBC ile tümör çapı ile pozitif yönde yüksek dereceli bir ilişki saptandı (p=0,019 r=0,581). Hiç doğum yapmayan hastalarda, meme kanseri daha erken yaşta ortaya çıkmaktaydı ve aralarında pozitif yönlü orta dereceli bir ilişki mevcuttu (p=0.024 r=0,284). Tartışma: Çalışmamızda, erken menarş olan veya erken menarş olup hiç doğum yapmayan kadınlarda meme kanserinin daha erken ortaya çıkabileceği saptanmıştır. Yaygın görülen bu hastalığın etiyopatogenezini anlamak, erken teşhis, tedavi ve tarama programlarının içeriğinin belirlenmesi için gereklidir. Toplumumuzda, meme kanseri gelişiminde etkili risk faktörlerinin, batı toplumlarında olan risk faktörlerinden ne gibi farklılıklar gösterdiğini anlayabilmek ve ülkemize özgü tarama programlarını geliştirebilmek için daha büyük çaplı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

meme kanseri, risk faktörleri, epidemiyoloji

The determination of breast cancer risk factors: A single centre experience

Aim: In developing countries like our country, the frequency of breast cancer is gradually increasing. There are several risk factors of breast cancer. Besides that there can be some unrevealed risk factors. The aim of our study is to reveal demographic data of patients with breast cancer followed up in our hospital and the risk factors of breast cancer. Material and Methods: 237 female patients treated with the diagnosis of breast cancer between 2005 and 2015 were included in the study. Demographic information, familial features, type of breast cancer, histology, stage-grade, hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of the patients were recorded from the files of the patients.The patients diagnosed with breast cancer were grouped in terms of risk factors, prognostic factors, and the characteristics of breast cancer. Results: A significant correlation was detected between early menarche and PR+ (p=0.034). It was observed that the disease occurred earlier in patients with early menarche (p=0.004). A high positive correlation was detected between TNBC and tumor size (p=0.019 r=0.581). Breast cancer was occuring in early ages in nulliparous patients and there was a moderate positive correlation between them (p=0.024 r=0.284). Conclusions: We revealed that breast cancer might occur in early ages in females with early menarche or both with early menarche and nulliparity. Understanding the etiopathogenesis of this common disease is necessary to determine the content of early diagnosis, treatment, and screening programs. Each society should have their unique screening programmes as distinct from Western societies.

Keywords:

breast cancer, risk factors, epidemiology,

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