Zehra ÖLÇER, Zeynep ALTINTAŞ, Yıldız ULUDAĞ, Turghun MUHAMMAD, Canan DOĞAN

Rapid and on-site electrochemical detection of bisphenol A and arsenic in drinking water using a novel electrode array

The paper describes a novel dip-and-gauge hand-held sensor device for the rapid, cost-effective, and on-sitedetection of bisphenol A and arsenic in drinking water samples. Different working electrode diameters ranging from 1.5mm to 4 mm were designed and fabricated to construct a new electrochemical biosensor. The sensor was employed forthe chronoamperometric detection of bisphenol A and voltammetric determination of arsenic in drinking water samples.Bisphenol A measurements resulted in a detection limit of 10 ng mL −1 with a linear range of 0–4000 ng mL −1. Babyproducts and bottles have to be completely free of bisphenol and hence a liquid-phase microextraction method has beendeveloped to reduce the detection limit further to 0.6 ng mL −1. Arsenic detection was investigated in the concentrationrange of 0.4–250 ng mL −1 with a detection limit of 1.9 ng mL −1. The current study showed that the designed electrodearray allows low detection limits (below threshold levels), although a bare gold surface is used for the study. Hence,together with a hand-held sensor device that works by simply dipping the sensor chip into a water container, this costeffective system has the potential to be used either by household consumers or for on-site inspection purposes.

PDF

___

1. Braunrath, R.; Podlipna, D.; Padlesak, S.; Cichna-Markl, M. J. Agr. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 8911-8917.
2. Huang, H.; Li, Y.; Liu, J.; Tong, J.; Su, X. Food Chem. 2015, 185, 233-238.
3. Yin, H.; Cui, L.; Chen, Q.; Shi, W.; Ai, S.; Zhu, L.; Lu, L. Food Chem. 2011, 125, 1097-1103.
4. Shin, H. S.; Park, C. H.; Park, S. J.; Pyo, H. J. Chromatogr. A 2001, 912, 119-125.
5. Yoon, Y. M.; Westerhoff, P.; Snyder, S. A.; Esparza, M. Water Res. 2003, 37, 3530-3537.
6. Rezaee, M.; Yamini, Y.; Shariati, S.; Esrafili, A.; Shamsipur, M. J. Chromatogr. A 2009, 1216, 1511-1514.
7. Cunha, S. C.; Fernandes, J. O. Food Control 2013, 33, 549-555.
8. Smith, A. H.; Lingas, E. O.; Rahman, M. Bull. World Health Org. 2000, 78, 1093-1103.
9. Bond, G. R. Clin. Tox. 2009, 47, 469-469.
10. Sarker, M. M. R. Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health. 2010, 7, 3644-3656.
11. Mulvihill, M.; Tao, A.; Benjauthrit, K.; Arnold, J.; Yang, P. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 2008, 47, 6456-6460.
12. Richardson, S. D.; Ternes, T. A. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 3807-3838.
13. Melamed, D. Anal. Chim. Acta 2005, 532, 1-13.
14. Klaue, B.; Blum, J. D. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 1408-1414.
15. Leermakers, M.; Baeyens, W.; De Gieter, M.; Smedts, B.; Meert, C.; De Bisschop, H. C.; Morabito, R.; Quevauviller, P. TRAC-Trends Anal. Chem. 2006, 25, 1-10.
16. Merulla, D.; Buffi, N.; Beggah, S.; Truffer, F.; Geiser, M.; Renaud, P.; van der Meer, J. R. Curr. Opin. Biotech. 2013, 24, 534-541.
17. Gao, C.; Yu, X. Y.; Xiong, S. Q.; Liu, J. H.; Huang, X. J. Anal. Chem. 2013, 85, 2673-2680.
18. Altuntaş, D. B.; Akgül, G.; Yanık, J.; Anık, Ü. Turk. J. Chem. 2017, 41, 455-465.
19. Çolak, O.; Arslan, F. Turk. J. Chem. 2015, 39, 84-95.
20. Ndlovu, T.; Arotiba, O. A.; Sampath, S.; Krause, R. W.; Mamba, B. B. Sensors 2012, 12, 11601-11611.
21. Fan, H.; Li, Y.; Wu, D.; Ma, H.; Mao, K.; Fan, D.; Du, B.; Li, H.; Wei, Q. Anal. Chim. Acta 2012, 711, 24-28.
22. Yasri, N. G.; Sundramoorthy, A. K.; Gunasekaran, S. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 87295-87305.
23. Portaccio, M.; Di Tuoro, D.; Arduini, F.; Lepore, M.; Mita, D. G.; Diano, N.; Mita, L.; Moscone, D. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2010, 25, 2003-2008.
24. Portaccio, M.; Di Tuoro, D.; Arduini, F.; Moscone, D.; Cammarota, M.; Mita, D. G.; Lepore, M. Electro. Acta 2013, 109, 340-347.
25. Zehani, N.; Fortgang, P.; Lachgar, M. S.; Baraket, A.; Arab, M.; Dzyadevych, S. V.; Kherrat, R.; Jaffrezic-Renault, N. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 74, 830-835.
26. Ragavan, K. V.; Rastogi, N. K.; Thakur, M. S. TRAC-Trends Anal. Chem. 2013, 52, 248-260.
27. Ragavan, K. V.; Selvakumar, L. S.; Thakur, M. S. Chem. Comm. 2013, 49, 5960-5962.
28. Mei, Z.; Chu, H.; Chen, W.; Xue, F.; Liu, J.; Xu, H.; Zhang, R.; Zheng, L. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2013, 39, 26-30..
29. Huang, J.; Zhang, X.; Lin, Q.; He, X.; Xing, X.; Huai, H.; Lian, W.; Zhu, H. Food Control 2011, 22, 786-791.
30. Alkasir, R. S. J.; Ganesana, M.; Won, Y.-H.; Stanciu, L.; Andreescu, S. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2010, 26, 43-49.
31. Wu, L.; Deng, D.; Jin, J.; Lu, X.; Chen, J. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2012, 35, 193-199.
32. Soh, N.; Watanabe, T.; Asano, Y.; Imato, T., Sens. Material. 2003, 15, 423-438.
33. Matsumoto, K.; Sakai, T.; Torimaru, A.; Ishitobi, S. J. Fac. Agr. Kyushu Univ. 2005, 50, 625-634.
34. Hegnerova, K.; Piliarik, M.; Steinbachova, M.; Flegelova, Z.; Cernohorska, H.; Homola, J. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010, 398, 1963-1966.
35. Zhu, Y.; Cai, Y.; Xu, L.; Zheng, L.; Wang, L.; Qi, B.; Xu, C. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2015, 7, 7492-7496.
36. Wu, Y.; Liu, L.; Zhan, S.; Wang, F.; Zhou, P. Analyst. 2012, 137, 4171-4178.
37. Zaib, M.; Saeed, A.; Hussain, I.; Athar, M. M.; Iqbal, M. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2014, 62, 242-248.
38. Huang, C. W.; Wei, C. C.; Liao, V. H. C. Chemosphere. 2015, 141, 44-49.
39. Li, L.; Liang, J.; Hong, W.; Zhao, Y.; Sun, S.; Yang, X.; Xu, A.; Hang, H.; Wu, L.; Chen, S. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2015, 49, 6149-6155.
40. Kaur, H.; Kumar, R.; Babu, J. N.; Mittal, S. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 63, 533-545.
41. Webster, D. P.; TerAvest, M. A.; Doud, D. F. R.; Chakravorty, A.; Holmes, E. C.; Radens, C. M.; Sureka, S.; Gralnick, J. A.; Angenent, L. T. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2014, 62, 320-324.