Polarographic determination of anticancer drug vitamin $K _3$ with direct and indirect methods/application to serum and $K _3$ injection solution

In this work, direct and indirect methods for determination of vitamin $K _3$ were developed using differential pulse polarography. The reaction between sulfite and the quinone (Q) form of vitamin $K _3$ was used for indirect determination, since the sulfite peak at -0.7 V is sharp and very reproducible in 0.1 M HAc NaAc (pH = 5.5). It was found that at pH 4.5-5.5, this reaction was quantitative and very fast when the temperature was 45 $^o C$. For its direct determination, on the other hand, vitamin $K _3$ was standardized by the indirect method using standard sulfite as the reducing agent. The calibration graph for vitamin $K _3$ (in Q form), using the peak at -1.0 V in a HAc-NaAc medium with a pH of 5.5, was linear for concentrations ranging from 5 × $10^ {-7}$ to 3 × $10^ {-5}$ M, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 1.5 × $10^ {-7}$ M. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of vitamin $K _3$ in a clinical injection solution and in blood serum.

PDF

___

1. Kathleen, M.; Fairfield, M. D. Sci. Rev. and Clin. Appl. 2002, 287, 3116-3120.
2. Somekawa, Y.; Chigughi, M.; Harada, M.; Ishibashi, J. T. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1999, 84, 2700-2704.
3. Craciun, A. M.; Wolf, J.; Knapen, M. H. J.; Brouns, F.; Vermeer, C. Int. J. Sports Med. 1998, 19, 479-484.
4. Sato, Y.; Honda, Y.; Kuno, H.; Oizumi, K. Bone 1998, 23, 291-296.
5. Yamaguchi, M.; Taguchi, H.; Gao, Y. H.; Igarashi, A.; Tsukamoto, Y. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 1999, 17, 23-29.
6. Bjornsson, T. D. In Effects of Drugs on Nutrition, New York, 1982.
7. Chlebowski, R. T.; Block, J. B.; Dietrich, M. F.; Octay, E.; Barth, N.; Yanagihara, R.; Gota, C.; Ali, I. Proc. Am. Assoc. for Cancer Res. 1983, 24, 165-170.
8. Memon, S. A.; Khuhawar, M. Y.; Rind, F. M. A. J. Chem. Soc. Pakistan 2002, 24, 119-121.
9. Yang, Z.; Liu, Z.; Hu, X.; Liu, S. Fenxi Huaxue 2006, 34, 269-271.
10. Chen, C.; Du, L.; Duan, Y.; Zhang, Y. Fenxi Huaxue 2005, 33, 237-240.
11. Abdollahi, H.; Bagheri, L. Anal. Chim. Acta 2004, 514, 211-218.
12. Guo, X. Q.; Zhao, Y. B.; Xu, J. G. Anal. Chim. Acta 1997, 343, 109-116.
13. Kamao, M.; Suhara, Y.; Tsugawa, N.; Okano, T. J. Chromatography B 2005, 816, 41-48.
14. Sameh, A.; Naoya, K.; Kenichiro, N.; Naotaka, K. Anal. Chim. Acta 2007, 591, 148-154.
15. Hu, O. Y. P.;Wu, C. Y.; Chan, W. K.;Wu, F. Y. H. J. Chromatogr. B 1995, 666, 299-305.
16. Fauler, G.; Leis, H. J.; Schalamon, J.; Muntean, W.; Gleispach, H. J. Mass. Spectrom. 1996, 31, 655-660.
17. Wang, L. Z.; Ma, C. S.; Zhang, X. L.; Xu, Y. Microchemical J. 1994, 50, 101-105.
18. ] Vire, J. C.; El-Maali, N. A.; Patriarche, G. J.; Christian, G. D. Talanta 1988, 35, 997-1000.
19. Song, J.; He, P.; Guo, W. Anal. Lett. 2001, 34, 1677-1688.
20. Hart, J. P.; Nahir, A. M.; Chayen, J. Anal. Chim. Acta 1982, 144, 267-271.
21. Akman, S. A.; Kusu, F.; Takamura, K.; Chlebowski, R.; Block, J. Anal. Biochem. 1984, 141, 488-493.
22. Somer, G.; Do˘gan, M. Bioelectrochemistry 2008, 74, 96-100.
23. Somer, G.; ¨Unal, ¨ U. Talanta 2004, 62, 323-328.
24. ˙Inam, R.; Ekmekci, G.; Somer, G. Talanta 2000, 51, 825-830.
25. Somer, G.; Ko¸cak, A. Analyst 1993, 118, 657-659.
26. Yilmaz, U. T.; Somer, G. Anal. Chim. Acta 2007, 603, 30-35.
27. Brezina, M.; Zuman, P. Polarography in Medicine, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, New York, 1958.
28. Yilmaz, U. T.; Somer, G. J. Elec. Anal. Chem. 2008, 624, 59-63.