İsmail ŞEN, Hakan ALLI, Bekir ÇÖL, Mustafa ÇELİKKOLLU, Ahmet BALCI

Trace metal contents of some wild-growing mushrooms in Bigadiç (Balıkesir), Turkey

In this study, heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Zn) contents of wild-growing mushrooms and soil samples collected from Bigadiç (Balıkesir) were determined. A total of 38 fungal taxa were found in the study area. Among the mushroom samples analysed, minimum and maximum metal contents were 0.11-2.58 mg kg-1 for Cd, 1.01-19.55 mg kg-1 for Cr, 2.61-72.44 mg kg-1 for Cu, 1.38-47.52 mg kg-1 for Mn, and 5.75-97.55 mg kg-1 for Zn. For all elements, values are within the acceptable levels as reported by several researchers. Hohenbuehelia petaloides (Bull.) Schulzer had the lowest elemental composition for all elements. Metal contents of the soil samples were also within acceptable levels. Therefore, the study area does not have heavy metal contamination. Nevertheless, the Cd, Cu, and Zn contents detected in the majority of mushroom samples were relatively higher than the contents in soil samples collected from beneath them.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Heavy metal, mushroom, Balıkesir, Turkey

Trace metal contents of some wild-growing mushrooms in Bigadiç (Balıkesir), Turkey

Keywords:

Key words: Heavy metal, mushroom, Balıkesir, Turkey,

PDF

___

Allı H (2011). Macrofungi of Kemaliye district (Erzurum). Turkish Journal of Botany 35: 299-308.
Allı H, Işıloğlu M & Solak MH (2011). New Ascomycete records for the macrofungi of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany 35: 315
Breitenbach J & Kränzlin F (1984-2000). Fungi of Switzerland. Vols. 1-5. Lucerne: Verlag Mykologia.
Carvalho ML, Pimentel AC & Fernandes B (2005). Study of heavy metals in wild edible mushrooms under diff erent pollution conditions by X-ray fl uorescence spectrometry. Analytical Sciences 21: 747-750.
Chen XH, Zhou HB & Qiu GZ (2009). Analysis of several heavy metals in wild edible mushrooms from region of China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 83: 280-285.
Demirbaş A (2001). Concentrations of 21 metals in 18 species of mushrooms growing in the East Black Sea region. Food Chemistry 75: 453-457.
Doğan HH, Aktaş S, Öztürk C & Kaşık G (2012). Macrofungi distribution of Cocakdere valley (Arslanköy, Mersin). Turkish Journal of Botany 36: 83-94.
Doğan HH, Şanda MA, Uyanöz R, Öztürk C & Çetin Ü (2006). Contents of metals in some wild mushrooms: its impact in human health. Biological Trace Element Research 110: 79-94.
FAO/WHO (1987). Codex Committee on Food Additives: Report of the Seventeenth Session of the Joint FAO/WHO. Rome: Codex Alimentarius.
García MA, Alonso J, Fernandez MI & Melgar MJ (1998). Lead content in edible wild mushrooms in Northwest Spain as indicator of environmental contamination. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 34: 330-335.
Gençcelep H, Uzun Y, Tunçtürk Y & Demirel K (2009). Determination of mineral contents of wild-grown edible mushrooms. Food Chemistry 113: 1033-1036.
Hansen L & Knudsen H (2000). Nordic Macromycetes. Vol. 1: Ascomycetes. Copenhagen: Nordsvamp.
Holmgren GGS, Meyer MW, Cahney RL & Daniels RB (1993). Cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and nickel in agricultural soils of the United States of America. Journal of Environmental Quality 22: 335-348.
Isildak Ö, Turkekul I, Elmastas M & Tuzen M (2004). Analysis of heavy metals in some wild-grown edible mushrooms from the middle black sea region, Turkey. Food Chemistry 86: 547-552.
Işiloğlu M, Merdivan M & Yilmaz F (2001). Heavy metal contents in some macrofungi collected in the northwestern part of Turkey. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 41: 1-7.
Jongmans AG, van Breemen N, Lundström U, van Hees PAW, Finlay RD, Srinivasan M, Unestam T, Giesler R, Melkerud PA & Olsson M (1997). Rock-eating fungi. Nature 389: 682-683.
Kabata-Pendias A (2001). Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, 3rd edn. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.
Kacar B (1998). Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: III, Toprak Analizleri. Ankara: A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları.
Kalač P (2010). Trace element contents in European species of wild growing edible mushrooms: a review for the period 2000-2009. Food Chemistry 122: 2-15.
Kalač P & Svoboda L (2000). A review of trace element concentrations in edible mushrooms. Food Chemistry 69: 273-281.
Kalač P, Svoboda L & Havlickova B (2004). Contents of detrimental metals mercury, cadmium and lead in wild growing edible mushrooms: a review. Energy Education Science and Technology 13: 31-38.
Kaya A & Bag H (2010). Trace element contents of edible macrofungi growing in Adiyaman, Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemistry 22: 1515-1521.
Knudsen H & Vesterholt J (2008). Funga Nordica, Agaricoid, Boletoid and Cyphelloid Genera. Copenhagen: Nordsvamp.
Lucho-Constantino CA, Prieto-Garcia F, Del Razo LM, Rodriguez- Vazquez R & Poggi-Varaldo HM (2005). Chemical fractionation of boron and heavy metals in soils irrigated with wastewater in Central Mexico. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 108: 57-71.
Mendil D, Uluözlü OD, Tüzen M, Hasdemir E & Sarı H (2004). Trace metals levels in mushroom samples from Ordu, Turkey. Food Chemistry 91: 463-467.
Moser M (1983). Keys to Agarics and Boleti. London: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Nikkarinen M & Mertanen E (2004). Impact of geological origin on trace element composition of edible mushrooms. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 17: 301-310.
Phillips R (1981). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of Great Britain and Europe. London: Pan Books Ltd.
Radulescu C, Stihi C, Busuioc G, Gheboianu AI & Popescu IV (2010). Studies concerning heavy metals bioaccumulation of wild edible mushrooms from industrial area by using spectrometric techniques. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 84: 641-646.
Radojevic M & Bashkin VN (1999). Practical Environmental Analysis. Cornwall: Royal Society of Chemistry, MPG Books Ltd.
Rosling A, Landeweert R, Lindahl BD, Larsson KH, Kuyper TW, Taylor AFS & Finlay RD (2003). Vertical distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungal taxa in a podzol soil profi le. New Phytologist 159: 775-783.
Solak MH, Işıloğlu M, Kalmış E & Allı H (2007). Macrofungi of Turkey, Checklist. Vol. 1. İzmir: Genç Üniversiteliler Ofset (in Turkish).
Şen İ, Alli H & Çöl B (2012). Boron contents of some wild-growing mushrooms collected from the vicinity of boron mines in Balikesir, Turkey. Biological Trace Element Research 145: 233
Tedersoo L, Koljalg U, Hallenberg N & Larsson KH (2003). Fine scale distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi and roots across substrate layers including coarse woody debris in a mixed forest. New Phytologist 159: 153-165.
Turkekul I, Elmastas M & Tüzen M (2004). Determination of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, lead, and cadmium in mushroom samples from Tokat, Turkey. Food Chemistry 84: 389-392.
Yagiz D, Konuk M, Afyon A & Kök SM (2008). Minor element and heavy metal content of edible wild mushrooms native to Bolu, North-West Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 17: 249- 252.
Yamaç M, Yıldız D, Sarıkürkcü C, Çelikkollu M & Solak MH (2007). Heavy metals in some edible mushrooms from the Central Anatolia, Turkey. Food Chemistry 103: 263-267.
Yılmaz F, Işıloğlu M & Merdivan M (2003). Heavy metal levels in some macrofungi. Turkish Journal of Botany 27: 45-56.