Nutrient Dynamics of Olea europaea L. Growing on Soils Derived from Two Different Parent Materials in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Turkey)

Olea europaea L. (olive tree, Oleaceae), an important tree in the Mediterranean region, adds considerable amounts of leaf litters to soils, which may help in maintaining soil productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal changes in the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents of leaves, shoots, leaf litters and soils together with the amounts of leaf litters and humic and fulvic acids in the soils of olive trees growing on both marl and conglomerate parent materials in the Eastern Mediterranean region (Turkey). The element contents of leaf, shoot, leaf litter and soil samples and the amounts of olive leaf litters were compared between the 2 different parent materials at each sampling time. There were no statistical differences between the 2 parent materials. The results showed that olive trees can adapt to their environment very well without discriminating between parent materials. There were significant differences among the sampling times in the C and N contents of the leaf litters and available P content of the soils. This can be explained by the rapid decomposition of olive leaf litters during the sampling time intervals. Available P contents of the soils with marl and conglomerate parent materials may have been decreased by adsorption reactions over time.

Nutrient Dynamics of Olea europaea L. Growing on Soils Derived from Two Different Parent Materials in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Turkey)

Olea europaea L. (olive tree, Oleaceae), an important tree in the Mediterranean region, adds considerable amounts of leaf litters to soils, which may help in maintaining soil productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal changes in the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents of leaves, shoots, leaf litters and soils together with the amounts of leaf litters and humic and fulvic acids in the soils of olive trees growing on both marl and conglomerate parent materials in the Eastern Mediterranean region (Turkey). The element contents of leaf, shoot, leaf litter and soil samples and the amounts of olive leaf litters were compared between the 2 different parent materials at each sampling time. There were no statistical differences between the 2 parent materials. The results showed that olive trees can adapt to their environment very well without discriminating between parent materials. There were significant differences among the sampling times in the C and N contents of the leaf litters and available P content of the soils. This can be explained by the rapid decomposition of olive leaf litters during the sampling time intervals. Available P contents of the soils with marl and conglomerate parent materials may have been decreased by adsorption reactions over time.

___

  • Akalan I (1983). Toprak Bilgisi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 878: 199-210.
  • Allison LE & Moodie CD (1965). Carbonate. Am Soc of Agron 9: 1379- 1400.
  • Aragüés R, Puy J & Isidoro D (2004). Vegetative growth response of young olive trees (Olea europaea L., cv. Arbequina) to soil salinity and waterlogging. Plant Soil 258: 69-80.
  • Baldock JA, Oades JM, Waters AG, Peng X, Vassallo AM & Wilson MA (1992). Aspects of the chemical structure of soil organic materials as revealed by solid-state 13C NMR spectrometry. Biogeochemistry 16: 1-42.
  • Bouyoucos GS (1951). A recalibration of the hydrometer for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agron J 43: 434-438.
  • Çeçen K (1968). Zeytin Ağacının Özellikleri, Gübreler ve Zeytincilikte Gübreleme Esasları. Ankara: Köy İflleri Bakanlığı Yayınları 106: 141-157.
  • Çepel N, Özdemir T, Dündar M & Neyiflçi T (1988).Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) ekosistemlerinde iğne yaprak dökümü ve bu yolla toprağa geri verilen besin maddeleri miktarları. Ankara: Ormancılık Arafltırma Enstitüsü Yayınları 194: 5-20.
  • Demiralay İ (1993). Toprak Fiziksel Analizleri. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 143: 78-89.
  • Dikmelik Ü (1994). Status of macro and micro nutritive elements in Turkish olive groves. Sci Tech 51: 36-38.
  • Dimassi K, Therios I & Passalis A (1999). Genotypic effect on leaf mineral levels of 17 olive cultivars grown in Greece. Acta Hort 474: 345-348.
  • Duchaufour P (1970). Precis de Pedologie. Paris: Masson et Cie.
  • Fernandez-Escobar R, Moreno R & Garcia-Creus M (1999). Seasonal changes of mineral nutrients in olive leaves during the alternate- bearing cycle. Sci Hortic 82: 25-45.
  • Gray JT & Schlesinger WH (1981). Nutrient Cycling in Mediterranean Type Ecosystems. New York: Springer-Verlag.
  • Haines SG & Cleveland G (1981). Seasonal variation in properties of five forest soils in southwest Georgia. Soil Sci Soc Am J 45: 139-143.
  • Hue NV (1991). Effects of organic acids/anions on P sorption and phytoavailability in soils with different minerologies. Soil Sci 152: 463-471.
  • Jackson ML (1958). Soil Chemical Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs.
  • Jones JB, Wolf B & Mills HA (1991). Plant Analysis Handbook. U.S.A.: Micro-Macro Publishing.
  • Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL, Muller KE & Nizam A (1998). Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods. California: Duxbury Press.
  • Klemmedson JO (1994). New Mexican locust and parent material: influence on forest floor and soil macronutrients. Soil Sci Soc Am J 58: 974-980.
  • Luizáo RCC, Luizáo FJ, Paiva RQ, Monteiro TF, Sousa LS & Kruijts B (2004). Variation of carbon and nitrogen cycling processes along a topographic gradient in a central Amazonian forest. Global Change Biol 10: 1-9.
  • Makhzoumi JM (1997). The changing role of rural landscapes: olive and carob multi-use tree plantation in the semiarid Mediterranean. Landscape Urban Plan 37: 115-122.
  • Marschner H (1995). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. New York: Academic Press.
  • Meteoroloji Bülteni (2001). Ortalama ve Ekstrem Kıymetler. Ankara: Meteoroloji Müdürlüğü Yayınları.
  • Oades JM, Vassallo AM, Waters AG & Wilson MA (1987). Characterization of organic matter in particle-size and density fractions from a red-brown earth by solid-state 13C NMR. Aust J Soil Res 25: 71-82.
  • Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS & Dean LA (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circ 939: 1-19.
  • Özbek H, Kaya Z, Gök M & Kaptan H (1995). Toprak Bilimi. Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 73: 365-398.
  • Polunin MN & Huxley A (1987). Flowers of the Mediterranean. London: Chatto and Windus.
  • Sanchez PA (1976). Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Scheffer F & Ulrich B (1960). Humus and Humusdüngung. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke.
  • Soil Survey Staff (1998). Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Washington: USDA- NRCS.
  • Stevenson FJ (1982). Humus Chemistry, Genesis, Composition, Reactions. America: University of Illinois, Department of Agronomy.
  • Trettin CC, Johnson DW & Todd DE (1999). Forest nutrient and carbon pools at Walker Branch Watershed: changes during a 21-year period. Soil Sci Soc Am J 63: 1436-1448.
  • Walkley A & Black IA (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci 37: 29-38.
  • Yavitt JB (2000). Nutrient dynamics of soil derived from different parent material on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Biotropica 32: 198-207.
  • Zas R & Serrada R (2003) Foliar nutrient status and nutritional relationships of young Pinus radiata D.Don plantations in northwest Spain. Forest Ecol Manag 174: 167-176.