Epiphytic lichen diversity on Quercus cerris and Q. frainetto in the Marmara region (Turkey)

The epiphytic diversity of lichens associated with Quercus cerris L. and Quercus frainetto Ten. were investigated in 21 localities of the Marmara region. A total of 106 taxa belonging to 49 genera were reported on Q. cerris and Q. frainetto, and 16 of those taxa were recorded for the first time in the Marmara region. The number of lichen species found on Q. cerris was 83, while 85 taxa were found on Q. frainetto. Several differences regarding the lichen taxa were found in these 2 oaks species even though they were growing in the same habitat and in the same locality. Furthermore, some morphological, anatomical, and ecological peculiarities, as well as the phytogeographical patterns of the recorded lichen taxa, were evaluated. The majority of the lichen species were hygrophytic and mesophytic. In addition, nitrophytic species were more frequently observed than acidophytes. Temperate and suboceanic species were the most common.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Biodiversity, ecology, epiphytic lichens, Quercus, Turkey

Epiphytic lichen diversity on Quercus cerris and Q. frainetto in the Marmara region (Turkey)

Keywords:

Key words: Biodiversity, ecology, epiphytic lichens, Quercus, Turkey,

PDF

___

Akman Y (1990). İklim ve Biyoiklim (Biyoiklim Metodları ve Türkiye İklimleri). Ankara: Palme Yayın Dağıtım.
Akman Y (1995). Türkiye Orman Vejetasyonu. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi Botanik Anabilim Dalı.
Asan A & Yarcı C (1993). Trakya’da botanik gezileri. Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi 2: 26-29.
Benfi eld B (1994). Impact of agriculture on epiphytic lichens at Plymtree, East Devon. Lichenologist 26: 91-96.
Blanco O, Crespo A, Divakar PA, Esslinger TL, Hawksworth DL & Lumbsch HT (2004a). Melanelixia and Melanohalea, two new genera segregated from Melanelia (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. Mycological Research 108: 873-884.
Blanco O, Crespo A, Elix JA, Hawksworth DL & Lumbsch HT (2004b). A molecular phylogeny and a new classifi cation of parmelioid lichens containing Xanthoparmelia-type lichenan (Ascomycotina: Lecanorales). Taxon 53: 959-975.
Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD & Sharnoff S (2001). Lichens of North America. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Brummitt RK & Powel CE (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Kew: Royal Botanical Gardens.
Çiçek A & Özdemir Türk A (1998). Lichen fl ora of Sakarya Province. Turk J Bot 22: 99-119.
Çobanoğlu G (2005). Lichen collection in the herbarium of the University of İstanbul (ISTF). Turk J Bot 29: 69-74.
Çobanoğlu G (2007). Lichens from the Maslak Campus of İstanbul Technical University. Turk J Bot 31: 71-74.
Çobanoğlu G, Sevgi E & Sevgi O (2008). Lichen mycota along Uludağ fi r (Abies bornmuelleriana Mattf.). Univ of Craiova Biologie 13: 15-19.
Çobanoğlu G & Sevgi O (2006). Contribution to the lichen fl ora of Gürgen Dağı (Çanakkale). Turk J Bot 30: 47-54.
Delphis FL & Wubbena NP (2006). Vertical variation of bark water storage capacity of Pinus strobus L. (Eastern white pine) in southern Illinois. Northeastern Naturalist 13: 131-137.
Dogru Z & Guvenc S (2007). Lichenized and lichenicolous fungi from Bursa province new to Turkey. Mycotaxon 102: 389-394.
Fos S (1998). Líquenes epífi tos de los alcornocales Ibèricos. Correlaciones bioclimáticas, anatòmicas y densimètricas con el corcho de reproducciòn. Guineana 4: 1-507.
Gustafsson L & Eriksson I (1995). Factors of importance for the epiphytic vegetation of aspen Populus tremula with special emphasis on bark chemistry and soil chemistry. Journal of Applied Ecology 32: 412-424.
Günal N (1997). Türkiye’de Başlıca Ağaç Türlerinin Coğrafi Yayılışları, Ekolojik ve Floristik Özellikleri. İstanbul: Çantay Kitabevi.
Güvenç Ş & Aslan A (1994). Uludağ Üniversitesi Görükle kampüsü ve çevresi likenleri üzerine taksonomik incelemeler. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 5: 51-56.
Güvenç Ş, Aslan A & Öztürk Ş (1996). Th e lichen fl ora of Kapıdağ Peninsula. Plant Life in Southwest and Central Asia 1: 472-478.
Ihlen PG, Gjerde I & Sætersdal M (2001). Structural indicators of richness and rarity of epiphytic lichens on Corylus avellana in two diff erent forest types within a nature reserve in south- western Norway. Lichenologist 33: 215-229.
Karabulut ŞN, Özdemir Türk A & John V (2004). Lichens to monitor aff orestation eff ects in Çanakkale, Turkey. Cryptogamie Mycologie 25: 333-346.
Larsen RS, Bell JNB, James PW, Chimonides PJ, Rumsey FJ, Tremper A & Purvis OW (2007). Lichen and bryophyte distribution on oak in London in relation to air pollution and bark acidity. Environmental Pollution 146: 332-340.
Mežaka A, Brūmelis G & Piterāns A (2008). Th e distribution of epiphytic bryophyte and lichen species in relation to phorophyte characters in Latvian natural old-growth broad leaved forests. Folia Cryptog Estonica 44: 89-99.
Nimis PL & Martellos S (2008). ITALIC - Th e Information System on Italian Lichens. Version 4.0. Trieste: University of Trieste, Department of Biology, IN4.0/1.
Özdemir A (1990). Bilecik ili likenleri. Doğa-Tr J Botany 14: 165-170.
Özdemir A (1992). Bilecik şehri epifi tik likenlerinin kükürtdioksit (SO2) kirliliğine bağlı olarak dağılışı. Doğa-Tr J Botany 16: 177- 185.
Özdemir A & Öztürk Ş (1992). Gemlik-Mudanya sahil şeridi likenleri. Doğa-Tr J Botany 16: 247-251.
Özdemir Türk A & Güner H (1998). Lichens of the Th race region of Turkey. Turk J Bot 22: 397-407.
Öztürk Ş (1990). Türkiye için yeni liken kayıtları. Doğa-Tr J Botany 14: 87-96.
Öztürk Ş (1992). Uludağ’ın kabuksu ve dalsı likenleri üzerinde bir araştırma. Doğa-Tr J Botany 16: 405-409.
Öztürk Ş (1997). Armutlu-Gemlik (Bursa) kıyı şeridi likenleri üzerinde taksonomik çalışmalar. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 4: 87-96.
Öztürk Ş & Güvenç Ş (2010). Comparison of the epiphytic lichen communities growing on various tree species on Mt. Uludağ (Bursa, Turkey). Turk J Bot 34: 449-456.
Öztürk Ş, Güvenç G & Aslan A (1997). Distribution of epiphytic lichens and sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution in the city of Bursa. Turk J Bot 21: 211-215.
Öztürk Ş & Oran S (2011). Investigations on the bark pH and epiphytic lichen diversity of Quercus taxa found in Marmara Region. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 5: 27-33.
Ozturk Ş, Oran S, Guvenc S & Dalkiran N (2010). Analysis of the distribution of epiphytic lichens in the oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) forests along an altitudinal gradient in Uludag Mountain, Bursa, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42: 2661- 2670.
Pirintsos SA, Loppi S, Dalaka A & De Dominicis V (1998). Eff ects of grazing on epiphytic lichen vegetation in a Mediterranean mixed evergreen sclerophyllous and deciduous shrubland (northern Greece). Isr J Plant Sci 46: 303-307.
Pisut I (1970). Interessante Flechtenfunde aus der Türkei. Preslia (Praha) 42: 370-383.
Purvis OW, Coppins BJ, Hawksworth DL, James PW, Moore DM (1992). Th e Lichen Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Natural History Museum Publications.
Rigler L (1852). Die Türkei und deren Bewohner in ihren naturhistorischen, physiologischen und pathologischen Verhältnissen vom Standpunkte Constantinopel’s. Wien 110.
Ruoss E (1999). How agriculture aff ects lichen vegetation in central Switzerland. Lichenologist 31: 63-73.
Steiner J (1899). Flechten. In: Fritsch C (ed). Beitrag zur Flora von Konstantinopel. I. Kryptogamen, pp. 222-238. Vienna: Denkschr. K. Akad. Wiss., Math. Naturw. Cl.
Şen A, Quilhó T & Pereira H (2011). Bark anatomy of Quercus cerris L. var. cerris from Turkey. Turk J Bot 35: 45-55.
Wirth V (1995). Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs. Vol. 1-2. Stuttgart: Ulmer.
Yaltırık F (1984). Türkiye Meşeleri Teşhis Kılavuzu. İstanbul: Yenilik Basımevi.
Yazıcı K (1999). Lichen species in the north of Karacabey County, Bursa Province, Turkey. Turk J Bot 23: 271-276.
Zedda L (2002). Th e epiphytic lichens on Quercus in Sardinia (Italy) and their value as ecological indicators. Englera 24: 1-457.