Host-driven morphological variability in Orobanche crenata (Orobanchaceae)
Studies on interactions between Orobanche species and their hosts
are mainly focused on resistance, radical interactions, and
haustorium development. The influence of the host plant on morphology of
the parasite under environmental controlled conditions is
not reported in the literature. With the aim of filling this gap, the
results of cultivation experiments of Orobanche crenata on Vicia faba, V. sativa, Pisum sativum, Cicer arietinum, and Lathyrus clymenum are presented. The tested population of O. crenata infected all the studied hosts but showed preferences toward Vicia and Pisum and, in particular, toward a foreign V. sativa
cv. The higher resistance of the evaluated local cv. could be due to
coevolution between host and parasite. There was little variation in
times of emergence: about 110 days on V. faba, while around 125 on P. sativum, C. arietinum, and V. sativa. The shape and size of flowers of O. crenata
were influenced by its hosts. The more flourishing the host, the more
vigorous the parasite with respect to overall size, number of flowers,
and density of the inflorescence. However, significant variations were
also observed in the shape of the calyx and the colour of the corolla
and stigma. These observations suggest that other taxa of Orobanche
that grow in the wild, which are considered to be different species,
could be morphotypes of the same taxon, although a process of speciation
may be in progress.
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