Systematics value of micromorphological and palynological characters in Stenocephalum Sch.Bip. (Vernonieae, Asteraceae)
Micromorphological and palynological characters of all Stenocephalum
Sch.Bip. species (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) were analyzed to evaluate
their reliability as taxonomic markers at generic level and discussed in
relation to other genera of the subtribe Lepidaploinae. Characters such
as pubescence of corollas and cypselae showed glandular and
nonglandular trichomes allowing differentiation among related species.
Apical appendages without glandular trichomes, caudate anthers, and
carpopodium structure are
common characteristics among Stenocephalum species. With the exceptions of S. megapotamicum and S. tragiaefolium,
almost all species of the genus showed style bases without basal nodes
for the first time. Crystals on the fruits wall were also observed for
the first time in almost all the Stenocephalum species, with the exception of S. hystrix.
However, the crystals would not constitute diagnostic features,
since they vary widely among species. All the species showed type C
pollen and the genus is considered stenopalynous. However, highly
significant differences in palynological features among the species of
the genus were observed. The different combinations of the
micromorphological and palynological features of Stenocephalum
here analyzed are valuable within genera to differentiate related
species from one another. The value of all these characters could be
increased if they are combined with other morphological or traditional
data.
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