Effect of some organophoshorus insecticides on soil microorganisms

The effect of some organophosphorus insecticides [Isofenphos (=Oftanol DS 40), Phorate (=Thimet 10G and Foratox 10-G) and Fonofos] were investigated on soil microbiota (total viable bacteria, actinomycetes, anaerobic bacteria, aerobic endospores, proteolytic bacteria, cellülolytic microorganisms and yeast-mold). In the isofenphos-treated soil sample, the total viable bacteria number was found to be higher than that of the control groups during incubation. Moreover, it was observed that this treatment had no inhibitory effect on the development of the other microorganism groups. It was determined that the fonofos and phorate pesticides were had no inhibitory effect on the devel- opment of the soil microorganism groups.

PDF

___

1. Racke, K.D., Coats, J.R., Comparative degradation of organophosphorus insecticides in soil: Specificity of enhanced microbial degradation. J. Agric. Food Chem., 36:193-199, 1988.
2. Gauger, W.K., MacDonald, J.M., Adiran, N.R., Matthees D.P. Walgenbach D.D. Characterization of a Streptomycete growing on organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 15:137-141, 1986.
3. Lal, R., Saxena, D.M., Accumulation, metabolism and effects of organochlorine insecticides on microorganisms. Microbiol. Rev., 46:95, 1982.
4. Motosugi, K., Soda, K, Microbial degradation of syntetic organochlorine compounds. Experientia, 39:1214-1220, 1983.
5. Matsumura, F., Degradation of pesticides in the environment by microorganisms and sunlight. In Matsumura F, Krishna Murti CR, (eds),Biodegradation of pesticides, New York, 1988 Academic Press, 67-87
6. Chapman, R.A., Harris, C.R., Persistence of isofenphos and isazophos in a mineral and an organic soil. J. Environ. Sci. Health., B17:355-361, 1982.
7. Gorder, G.W., Dahm, P.A., Tollefson, J.J., Carbofuran persistence in cornfield soils. J. Econ. Entomol., 75:637- 642, 1982.
8. Sharmila, M., Ramanand, K., Sethunathan, N., Effect of yeast extract on the degradation of organophosphorus insecticides by soil enrichment and bacterial cultures. Can J. Microbiol., 35: 1105-1110, 1989.
9. Visalakshi, A., Mohammed, A.B., Rema, D.L., Mohandas, N., The effect of carbofuran on the rhizosphere microflora of rice. J.Microbiol., 20:147-148, 1980.
10. Dığrak, M., Özçelik, S., Effect of some pesticides on soil microorganisms. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 60:916-922, 1998.
11. Wootton, M.A., Kremer, R.J., Keaster, A., Effects of carbofuran and the corn rhizosphere on growth of soil microorganisms. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 50: 49-56, 1993.
12. Dığrak, M., Elazığ yöresinde yaygın olarak kullanılan pestisitlerin Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. karışık kültür ve toprak mikroorganizmaları tarafından parçalanması. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elazığ, 1994.
13. Dığrak, M., Özçelik, S., Çelik, S., Degradation of ethion and methidation by some microorganisms. 35 th IUPAC Congress, Istanbul. 14-19 August 1995, p 84.
14. Collins, C.H., Lyne, P.M., Grange, J.M., Collins and Lyne’s Microbiological Methods. Sixth Edition. London, 1989 Butterworths Co., Ltd., 410
15. Dığrak, M., Kırbağ, S., Özçelik, S., Bazı pestisitlerin toprak mikroorganizmaları üzerine etkisi. Tr. J. Agric. Forestry, 20:165-173, 1996.
16. Yentumi, D.S., Johnson, D.B., Changes in soil microflora in response to repeated applications of some pesticides. Soil Biol. Biochem. 18: 629-635, 1986.
17. Athalye, M., Lacey, J., Goodfellow, M., Selective isolation and enumeration of actinomycetes using rifampicin. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 51: 289-297, 1981.
18. Bradshaw, J.L., Laboratory Microbiology. New York, 1992, Fourth. Saunders College Publishing, 436.
19. Tanski, H.H., Rosenberg, C., Siltanen, H., Kilpi, S., Simojoki, P., The effect of annual use of pesticides on soil microorganisms, pesticide residues in the soil and barley yields. Pestic. Sci., 16:341-348, 1985.
20. Racke, K.D., Coats, J.R., Enhanced degradation of isofenphos by soil microorganisms. J. Agric. Food Chem., 35:94-99, 1987.
21. Siddaramappa, R., Rajaram, K.P., Sethunathan, N., Degradation of parathion by bacteria isolated from flooded soil. Appl. Microbiol., 26:846-849, 1973.
22. Chaudhry, G.R., Wheeler, W.B. Biodegradation of carbamates. Wat. Sci. Tech., 20: 89-94, 1988.
23. Ghisalba, O., Küenzi, M., Tombo, G.M., Schar, H.P. Organophosphorus microbial degradation and utilization of selected organophosphorus compounds: strategies and applications. Chemia, 41:206-210, 1987.
24. Karns, J.S., Mulbry, W.W., Nelson, J.O., Kearney, P.C., Metabolism of carbofuran by a pure bacterial culture. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 25: 211-217, 1986.
25. Rajagopal, B.S., Rao, V.R., Nagendrappa, G.,Sethunathan, N., Metabolism of carbaryl and carbofuran by soilenrichment and bacterial cultures. Can. J. Microbiol., 30:1458-1466, 1984.