Belma ASLIM, Yavuz BEYATLI, Necdet SAĞLAM

Determination of some properties of Bacillus ısolated from soil

Bu çalışmada altı değişik toprak ürneğinden 40 suş izole edilmiştirü Toprak örnekleri Ankara yakınından Elmadağ, çubuk, Gölbaşı, Haymana, Polatlı, Kazan'da ki yabani ot kaplı bölgelerden alınmıştır. İdentifikasyon testlerinin neticesinde 30 suş Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pumilus ve Bacillus spp. olarak tanımlanmıştır. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica ve Micrococcus flavus üzerinde oluşan inhibisyon aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. İzole edilen şuşlar arasından Bü thuringiensis D1, Bü thuringiensis D3 ve B. megaterium Y6 bütün test bakterileri üzerinde inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Antibiyotik hassasiyet testi için gentamisin, sulbaktam-ampisilin, kloramfenikol, eritromisin, tetrasiklin, vankomisin, sefalotin, penisilin G antibiyotik diskleri kullanılmıştır. Bütün suşlar penisiline G' ye (10 U) karşı direnç gösterirken, vankomisin'e karşı duyarlı bulunmuştur. İzolatlarin %97'sinin kloramfenikole, %93'ünün de tetrasikline duyarlılık güsterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sadece Bü subtilis K1 suşunda penisilinaz enzimi belirlenirken, diğer bütün suşların penisilinaz negatif olduğu gürülmüştür. Suşların proteolitik aktiviteleri 0.04-0.23 mg tirosin/ml olarak belirlenirken, Bü firmus G1, Bacillus sppü S1, Bacillus sppü S2 ve Bacillus sppü S3 suşlarında ise proteolitik aktiviteye rastlanamamıştır. Suşların plazmid DNA profilleride çıkarılmıştır. Beş suşun dışındaki diğer bütün suşlar 1 ila 4 arasında plazmid DNA ihtiva ettiği gürülmüş ve plazmid DNA'ların moleküler ağırlığı 3.16-25.61 kb arasında bulunmuştur.

Topraktan izole edilen Bacillus'lara ait bazı özelliklerin tespiti

Forty strains were isolated from six different soil samples. The soil samples were taken from the grasslands of Elmadağ, Çubuk, Gölbaşı, Haymana, Polatlı and Kazan near Ankara. As a result of the identification tests, 30 strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pumilus and other Bacillus spp. The inhibitory effect of Bacillus strains against the test bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica and Micrococcus flavus was examined. It was found that B. thuringiensis D1, B. thuringiensis D3 and B. megaterium Y6 strains showed an inhibitory effect on all of the test bacteria. To test the sensitivity of the new isolates, eight different antibiotics were used. The strains were tested for resistance to vancomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, cephalothin, ampicillin sulbactam, gentamicin and penicillin G. The strains showed resistance to penicillin G (10 U), but all were sensitive to vancomycin. Isolates showed 97% sensitivity to chloramphenicol and 93% to tetracycline. Only B. subtilis K1 was observed to have penicillinase enzyme. The other strains were found to be penicillinase negative. While the proteolytic activities of the strains were observed in a range of 0.04-0.23 mg tirosin/ml, B. firmus G1, Bacillus spp. S1, Bacillus spp. S2 and Bacillus spp. S3 did not exhibit any activity. The profiles of plasmid DNAs of the strains were identified. Later, it was determined that five strains did not contain plasmid DNA while all other strains contained plasmid DNA from 1 to 4. The molecular weights of plasmid DNAs were found to range from 3.16 to 25.61 kb.

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