Litter decomposition Picea orientalis,Pinus sylvestris and Castanea sativa trees grown in Artvin in relation to their initial litter quality variables

Bu çalışmada, Artvin'de yetişen ladin (Picea orientalis), sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris) ve kestane (Castanea sativa) yapraklarının kimyasal bileşimlerinin ayrışma oranları üzerine olan etkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, ilk önce orman yüzeyine düşmüş olan o yıla ait yapraklar araziye gidilerek toplanmış ve içerdikleri toplam karbon, azot, lignin, selüloz and hemiselüloz miktarları belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra yaprakların ayrışma oranlarını belirlemek için her bir türden belli miktardaki yaprak örnekleri daha önceden hazırlanmış naylondan paketler içine (20 x 20 cm genişliğinde ve l mm2 den az ağ gözüne sahip) yerleştirilerek tekrar araziye konulmuştur. İki yıllık süre içinde her altı ayda bir olmak üzere her bir tür için beşer tane örnek araziden alınarak ayrışma oranları belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, yapılan her örnekleme zamanında (6., 12., 18. ve 24. aylar sonunda) bu üç ayrışma oranları arasında önemli derecede farklılıklar olduğu görülmüştür. İik altı ay sonundaki ayrışma yüzdesi, ladin için % 8.87, sarıçam için % 16.4 ve kestane için % 25.9 olarak bulunmuştur. Bundan sonraki örneklemelerde de kestanenin daha hızlı bir kütle kaybı gösterdiği bunu sarıçamın ve ladinin izlediği görülmüştür. Yirmi dördüncü ayın sonundaki ayrışma yüzdesi ladin için % 35.9, sarıçam için % 51.1 ve kestane için % 64.5 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu türlerin yapraklarının içerdiği kimyasal bileşimler ile ayrışma oranları arasındaki korelasyonlara bakıldığında, bu üç türün içerdikleri lignin miktarlarının ($r^2$ = 0.97) onların kütle kayıplarını etkileyen en önemli kimyasal bileşim olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu türlerin kimyasal bileşimleri ve ayrışma oranlarındaki farklılıklar bu türlerden oluşan saf yada karışık orman ekosistemlerindeki besin döngüsü süreçlerininde birbirinden farklı olacağını ve bu ortamda gelişen türlerin besin elementlerinden yararlanmasını önemli derecede etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir.

Artvin'de yetişen Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris ve Castanea sativa türlerinin yapraklarının ayrışmasında kimyasal bileşimlerinin etksi

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the litter chemistry of spruce (Picea orientalis), pine (Pinus sylvestris) and chestnut (Castanea sativa) grown in the Artvin region on their decomposition rates. Freshly fallen litters from these species were analysed for total carbon, nitrogen, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The litterbag technique was used to determine their mass loss in the field for 2 years. At intervals of 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, 5 litterbags of each species were collected and returned to the laboratory and then analysed for their mass losses. The results showed that differences in mass losses for the 3 tree species were significant for all sampling intervals. Final mean mass losses were 35.9% for spruce, 51.1% for pine and 64.5% for chestnut (increments of 27.0%, 34.7% and 38.6% compared to the initial mass losses at 6 months respectively). Initial lignin concentration was the best predictor ($r^2$ = 0.97) for mass losses from litter species, indicating the relative importance of the initial lignin concentration of these 3 species in affecting their decomposition rates and hence the nutrient cycling process in this forest ecosystem.

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Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-011X
  • Yayın Aralığı: 6
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
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