Comparing Tillage Techniques by Using a New Infiltration Method

50 cm derinliğindeki çizelin (CH), 40 cm (PT40) ve 20 cm derinliğindeki pulluk (PT20) gibi çeşitli toprak işleme teknikleriniyeni geliştirilen tek silindirli infiltrasyon testi sonuçlarına göre karşılaştırmak amacıyla İtalyada bir yıllık bir arazi denemesigerçekleştirilmiştir. Doygun hidrolik iletkenlik ( Kfs) 6 ayrı tarihte 6 yinelemeli olarak 3 ayrı konuda tek silindirli infiltrometrelerkullanılarak kumlu killi tınlı topraklar üzerinde belirlenmiştir.Hem PT20 ve hem de CH konularında, toprak işlemeden sonraki Kfs öncekine göre zamanla geçici olarak sırasıyla 4 ve 9 kere dahabüyük bir değere ulaşmıştır. Bununla birlikte, mevsim sonunda toprak işlemeden önceki değere göre her iki konu içinde önemli birfarklılık bulunamamıştır. PT40 konusundaki Kfs, mayıs ayı hariç yıl boyunca nisbeten sabit kalmıştır. PT40 yıl sonunda en yüksekKfs ye sahipken CH en düşük Kfs yi vermiştir.Sonuç olarak, kullanılan toprak işleme tekniklerinin bu tip topraklar için Kfs üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olmadığı bulunmuştur.Toprak işleme Kfs yi artırmada geçici iletim gözenekleri oluşturmasına rağmen bu gözenekler mevsim içinde yağmur damlası etkisive ıslanma-kuruma devirleri sonucunda çökmüştür.

Toprak İşleme Tekniklerinin Yeni Bir İnfiltrasyon Yönteminin Kullanımı ile Karşılaştırılması

A one-year field trial in Italy was carried out for comparing tillage systems such as 50 cm chiselling (CH), 40 cm plow-till(PT40) and 20 cm plow-till (PT20) according to results of a new developed infiltration method. Ponded infiltration rates weremeasured to obtain the field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) using single ring infiltrometers on six dates with six replicationsin three sites on a sandy clayey loam soil.In both PT20 and CH plots, Kfsafter tillage increased temporarily to a value of about 4 and 9 times greater than that observedbefore tillage, respectively. However, late in the season, it tended to be not significantly different from the one before tillage forboth. In PT40 plot, Kfs remained relatively constant during the year except May. At the end of the year, PT40 had the greatest Kfsand CH had the lowest.As a result, it was found that the tillage technique used does not have appreciable effect on the Kfs for this type of soil. Althoughtillage recreates transmission pores in increasingKfs, such pores were temporary, and tillage-created cracks may have collapsedwithin the season as a result of raindrop impact and wetting-drying cycles.

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