Characterization of morphological traits of local and global persimmon varieties and genotypes collected from Turkey

Genetic variations are highly important in terms of plant breeding. These variations occur either spontaneously or artificiallyby mutations and sexual hybridizations in order to achieve specific breeding objectives. In this study, persimmon genetic resourcescollected from Turkey and preserved ex situ with commercial cultivars in a germplasm orchard located at Çukurova University, Turkey,were characterized based on their morphological traits. The collection was composed of traditional genotypes and local accessionstogether with global varieties. For the morphological characterization, 59 morphological and agronomic traits were investigated: 9related to plant growth, 5 to leaf characteristics, 7 to flower traits, 32 to fruit traits, and 6 to seed traits. Moreover, the data obtained inthis process were subjected to similarity coefficient, principal component, and cluster analyses to demonstrate the overall phenotypicrelationships among these genotypes. The cumulative proportion of variation reached 39.04% with the first three PCA axes. The firstcomponent was based on shoot length, trunk surface structure, flowering time of female flowers, fruit length, and diameter. The twelvefactor scores represented 74.75% of the total multivariate variation, and cluster analysis indicated that the similarity index of thepopulation consisting of the investigated genotypes ranged between 81.09% and 17.32%.

PDF

___

Badenes ML, Martinez-Calvo J, Llacer G (1998). Analysis of apricot germplasm from the European ecogeographical group. Euphytica 102: 93-99.
Bellini E, Benelli C, Giordani E, Perria R, Parfitt D (2003). Genetic and morphological relationships between possible Italian and ancestral cultivars of persimmon. Acta Hort 601: 192-197.
Bellini E, Giordani E (2005). Germplasm and breeding of persimmon in Europe. Acta Hort 685: 65-75.
Du XY, Zhang QL, Luo ZR (2009). Development of retrotransposon primers and their utilization for germplasm identification in Diospyros spp. (Ebenaceae). Tree Genet Genom 5: 235-245.
Ercisli S, Akbulut M (2009). Persimmon cultivation and genetic resources in Turkey. Acta Hort (ISHS) 833: 35-38.
Iezzoni AF, Marvin PP (1991). Applications of principal component analysis to horticultural research. HortScience 26: 334-338.
Martínez-Calvo J, Naval M, Zuriaga E, Llácer G, Badenes ML (2013). Morphological characterization of the IVIA persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) germplasm collection by multivariate analysis. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60: 233-241.
Naval M, Zuriaga E, Pecchioli S, Llácer G, Giordani E, Badenes ML (2010). Analysis of genetic diversity among persimmon cultivars using microsatellite markers. Tree Genet Genom 6: 677-687.
Nawab NN, Subhani GM, Ullah MN (2013). Patterns of morphological diversity and character association in chickpea genotypes through multivariate approach. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 23: 1107-1114.
Onur S (1990). Trabzon hurması. Derim 7: 4-47 (in Turkish).
Özcan M (1994). Karadeniz Bölgesinin trabzon hurması potansiyeli. Journal of the Agriculture Faculty of OMÜ 9: 133-147 (in Turkish).
Ray PK (2002). Breeding Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. Pangbourne, UK: Alpha Science International Ltd.
SAS (2006). SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 9. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc.
Tuzcu Ö, Paydaş S, Küden AB, Özgüven AI, Eti S, Seker M (1994). Growing and status of subtropical and tropical fruit species in Turkey. In: Proceedings of the 2nd FAO - MESFIN Meeting; 7–8 November 1994. pp. 145-167.
Tuzcu Ö, Seker M (1996). The situation of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cultivation and germplasm resources in Turkey. Acta Hort 441: 107-114.
UPOV (2004). Working Paper on Test Wide Lines for Diospyros kaki L.f. TG/92/4. Geneva, Switzerland: UPOV.
Yıldız M, Bayazıt S, Cebesoy C, Aras S (2007). Molecular diversity in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cultivars growing around Hatay province in Turkey. Afr J Biotech 6: 2393-2399.
Yonemori K, Honsho C, Kitajima A, Aradhya M, Giordani E, Bellini E, Parfitt DE (2008). Relationship of European persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) cultivars to Asian cultivars, characterized using AFLPs. Gen Res Crop Evol 55: 81-89.