Zainol MAZNAH, Muhamad HALİMAH, Ismail Bin SAHİD, Abu Seman IDRİS

Adsorption-Desorption of Hexaconazole in Soils with Respect to Soil Properties, Temperature, and pH

The effect of temperature and pH on adsorption-desorption of fungicide hexaconazole was studied in two Malaysian soil types; namely clay loam and sandy loam. The adsorption-desorption experiment was conducted using the batch equilibration technique and the residues of hexaconazole were analysed using the GC-ECD. The results showed that the adsorption-desorption isotherms of hexaconazole can be described with Freundlich equation. The Freundlich sorption coefficient (Kd) values were positively correlated to the clay and organic matter content in the soils. Hexaconazoleattained the equilibrium phase within 24 h in both soil types studied. The adsorption coefficient (Kd) values obtained for clay loam soil and sandy loam soil were 2.54 mL/g and 2.27 mL/g, respectively, indicating that hexaconazole was weakly sorbed onto the soils due to the low organic content of the soils. Regarding thermodynamic parameters, the Gibb's free energy change (?G) analysis showed that hexaconazole adsorption onto soil was spontaneous and exothermic, plus it exhibited positive hysteresis. A strong correlation was observed between the adsorption of hexaconazole and pH of the soil solution. However, temperature was found to have no effect on the adsorption of hexaconazole onto the soils;for the range tested

PDF

___

Arias M, Paradelo M, Loa Pez E, Simal-Gaa Ndara J. 2006. Influence of pH and soil copper on adsorption of metalaxyl and penconazole by the surface layer of vineyard soils. J. Agric Food Chem 54:8155-8162.

Arias-Estevez M, Lopez-Periago E, Martinez-Carballo E. 2006. Carbofuran sorption kinetics by corn crop soil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 77:276-273.

Broznic D, Milin C. 2012. Effects of temperature on sorption- desorption processes of imidacloprid in soils of Croatian coastal regions. Journal of Environmental Science and Health B 47:779-794.

Chia TH. 1997. Hexaconazole (Anvil 5SC) - A broad spectrum systemic fungicide for diseases control in some plantation crops. The Planter 73(852):129-135.

Fernández-Bayo JD, Nogales R, Romero E, 2007. Improved retention of imidacloprid (Confidor®) in soils by adding vermicompost from spent grape marc. Science of the Total Environment, 378(1): 95-100.

Giles CH, MacEwan TH, Nakhwa SN, Smith D. 1960. Studies in adsorption. Part XI. A system of classification of solution adsorption isotherms, and its use in diagnosis of adsorption mechanisms and in measurement of specific surface areas of solids. Journal of the Chemical Society: 3973-3993.

Gondar D, López R, Antelo J, Fiol S, Arce F. 2013. Effect of organic matter and pH on the adsorption of metalaxyl and penconazole by soils. Journal of Hazardous Materials 260: 627- 633.

Halimah M, Maznah Z, Ismail S, Idris AS. 2012. Determination of hexaconazole in field samples of an oil palm plantation. Drug Test. Analysis 4 (Suppl. 1):112-117.

Han M, Song L, Wang W. 2012. Adsorption-desorption characteristics of hexaconazole in soils. Environmental Chemistry 3:017

Idris AS, Ismail S, Ariffin D, Ahmad H. 2004. Prolonging the productive hexaconazole. MPOB Information Series. MPOB TT No. 214

Ismail BS, Maznah Z. 2006. Adsorption-desorption and mobility of Ganoderma infected palms with fenvalerate in three tropical agricultural soils. American- Eurasian Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science 1(2):160-168.

Kah M, Brown CD. 2006. Adsorption of ionisable pesticides in soils. In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer New York.

Kyung KS, Lee BM, Ihm YB, Lee YD, Han SS, Choi JH, Kim JH, Ryu GH, Lee JK, 2004. Adsorption and leaching characteristics of fungicide hexaconazole. The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science 8:46-53

Lam CH, Chiu SB. 1993. Hexaconazole (Anvil 5SC), a cost- effective fungicide for controlling white root disease in immature rubber. The Planter 69:465-474.

Lam CH, Lim TK. 1993. Efficacy of hexaconazole for the control of white rust on chrysanthemum and powdery mildew on roses. International Journal of Pest Management 39(2):156-160.

Liu Y, Xu Z, Wu XW, Gui W, Zhu G. 2010. Adsorption and desorption behavior of herbicide diuron on various Chinese cultivated soils. J Hazard Mater178:462-468

Maznah Z, Halimah M, Ismail BS, Idris AS. 2015. Dissipation of the fungicide hexaconazole in oil palm plantation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22: 19648-19657.

OECD. 2000. Guidelines for testing of chemicals, Section 1 (106): Adsorption-Desorption using batch equilibrium method in soils. Environmental Health and Safety Division, Organisation for Economic Environment Directorate, Paris, France. and Development (OECD),

Rama Krishna K, Philip L. 2008. Adsorption and desorption characteristics of lindane, carbofuron and methyl parathion on various Indian soils. J Hazard Mater 160:559-567.

Rani S, Sud D. 2015. Effect of temperature on adsorption- desorption behaviour of triazophos in Indian soils. Plant, Soil Environ 61(1): 36-42.

Sharma K, Sharma RK, Joseph PE, Saha S, Walia S. 2013. Sorption and leaching behavior of hexaconazole as influenced by soil properties. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 95:1090- 1098

Singh N. 2002. Sorption behavior of triazole fungicides in indian soils and its correlation with soil properties. J Agric Food Chem 50:6434-6439

Singh N, Singh SB. 2015. Adsorption and leaching behaviour of bispyribac-sodium in soils. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 94:125-128

Ten Hulscher TE, Cornelissen G. 1996. Effect of temperature on sorption equilibrium and sorption kinetics of organic micropollutants-a review. Chemosphere, 32(4): 609-626.

Wauchope RD, Yeh S, Linders JBHJ, Kloskowski R, Tanaka K, Rubin B, Katayama A, Kordel W, Gerstl Z, Lane M, Unsworth JB. 2002. Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability. Pest Manag Sci 58:419-445.

Weber JB, Wilkerson GG, Reinhardt CF. 2004. Calculating pesticides sorption coefficients (Kd) using selected soil properties. Chemosphere 55:157-166.