‘Why I Became a Camp Leader?’: Insider Views of Camp Leader Candidates

The aim of this study was to describe individuals’ motivation of being camp leader in youth camps of Ministry of Youth and Sport (MYS). Thirteen camp leader candidates who had previously been admitted in the Ministry of Youth and Sports were interviewed using open-ended questions. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Analysis resulted in a synthesis of the various ways camp leader candidates were motivated: (a) Self-Actualization and being Beamy, (b) Creating More Leisure and Adventure, (c) Social Integration and, (d) Role Modeling. It is through being volunteer as a camp leader, as we stress, ‘that anyone can realize their best selves and find deeper purpose and help others find theirs’. Motivation to be a camp leader is experienced from a perspective of both individualism and social constructivism that shows an interrelated view of freedom, autonomy and also organizational commitment.

___

  • 1. Parr MG, Lashua BD. What is leisure? The perceptions of recreation practitioners and others. Leis Sci. 2004;26(1):1–17.
  • 2. Mannell RC, Kleiber DA, Walker GJ. A social psychology of leisure. 2nd ed. State College, PA: Venture Publishing; 2011. 1–556 p.
  • 3. Hemingway JL, Parr MGW. Leisure research and leisure practice: Three perspectives on constructing the research? Practice relation. Leis Sci. 2000;22(3):139–62.
  • 4. Dustin D, Goodale T. Reflections on recreation, park, and leisure studies. In: Burton TL, Jackson EL, editors. Leisure studies: Prospects for the twenty-first century. State College, PA: Venture; 1999. p. 477–486.
  • 5. Kelly JR. Leisure. 3rd ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon; 1996.
  • 6. Hemingway J. Critique and emancipation Towards a critical theory of leisure. In: Burton TL, Jackson EL, editors. Leisure studies prospects for the 21st century. State College, PA: Venture; 1999. p. 487–506.
  • 7. Schein EH. Career anchors revisited: Implications for career development in the 21st century. Acad Manag Perspect. 1996;10(4):80–8.
  • 8. Snir R, Harpaz I. Work-leisure relations: Leisure orientation and the meaning of work. J Leis Res. 2002;34(2):178–203.
  • 9. Guerrier Y, Adib A. Work at leisure and leisure at work: A study of the emotional labour of tour reps. Hum Relations. 2003;56(11):1399–417.
  • 10. Adler PA, Adler P. Resort workers: Adaptations in the leisure-work nexus. Sociol Perspect. 1999;42(3):369–402.
  • 11. Beatty JE, Torbert WR. The false duality of work and leisure. J Manag Inq. 2003;12(3):239–52.
  • 12. Greenblatt E. Work/life balance: Wisdom or whining? Organ Dyn. 2002;31(2):179–179.
  • 13. Iwasaki Y, MacKay K, Mactavish J. Gender-based analyses of coping with stress among professional managers: Leisure coping and non-leisure coping. J Leis Res. 2005;37(1):1–28.
  • 14. Kirchmeyer C. Nonwork-to-work spillover: A more balanced view of the experiences and coping of professional women and men. Sex Roles. 1993;28(9–10):531–52.
  • 15. GSB. Gençlik ve spor bakanlığı, gençlik kampları birimi. 2016.
  • 16. GSGM. GSGM Gençlik kampları lider el kitabı. Ankara: Gençlik Hizmetleri Dairesi Başkanlığı; 2005.
  • 17. Ekici S, Çolakoğlu T. Farklı yaş grubu gençlerin gençlik ve spor genel müdürlüğü gençlik kamplarından yararlanma düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Derg. 2005;25(2):145–56.
  • 18. GSB. Gençlik hizmetleri genel müdürlüğü, gençlik kampları dairesi başkanlığı. Ankara; 2017.
  • 19. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol. 2000;55(1):68–78.
  • 20. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. NY: Plenum; 1985.
  • 21. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. NY: Guilford Publishing; 2017.
  • 22. Kaya Ç. Liderler: Liderliğe giden yollar. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları; 2002.
  • 23. Hollinshead K. The shift to constructivism in social inquiry: Some pointers for tourism studies. Tour Recreat Res. 2006;31(2):43–58.
  • 24. Denzin N, Lincon Y. The sage handbook of qualitative research. 5th ed. London: Sage; 2018. 25. Aitchison C. Feminist and gender perspectives in leisure and tourism research. In: Ritchie B, Burns P, Palmer C, editors. Tourism research methods: Integrating theory with practice. Wallingford, CT: CAB; 2005. p. 21–36.
  • 26. Stewart WP. Leisure as multiphase experiences: Challenging traditions. J Leis Res. 1998;30(4):391–400. 27. Moore C. Spiritual experiences and environmentalism of recreational users in the marine environment: New Zealand surfers and scuba divers. Lincoln University; 2011.
  • 28. Silverman D. Doing qualitative research: A practical handbook. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2013. 1–465 29. Patton MQ. Qualitative research & evaluation methods. 1st ed. Qualitative Inquiry. USA: Sage; 2002.
  • 30. Seidman I. Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. 3th Editio. New York: Teacher College Press; 2006. 1–162
  • 31. Sandelowski M. Whatever happened to qualitative description? Res Nurs Health. 2000;23:334–40.
  • 32. Mason J. Qualitative researching. 2nd ed. Great Britain: Cromwell Press; 2002. 18
  • 33. Patel R, Davidson B. Forskningsmetodikens grunder: Att planera,genomföra och rapportera en undersökning. Lund: Studentlitteratur; 2003.
  • 34. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol [Internet]. 2006;3(2):77–101. Available from: http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/11735
  • 35. Miles MB, Huberman AM, Saldaña J. Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. 3th Editio. London: Sage; 2014. 341 p.
  • 36. Saldaña J. The coding manual for qualitative researchers. London: Sage; 2009. 240 p.
  • 37. Frith H, Gleeson K. Clothing and embodiment: Men managing body image and using thematic analysis in psychology 99 appearance. Psychol Men Masculinity. 2004;5(1):40–8.
  • 38. Hayes N. Doing qualitative analysis in psychology. In: Hayes N, editor. Theory-led thematic analysis: Social identification in small companies. Hove: Psychology Press; 1997.
  • 39. Boyatzis RE. Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 1998.
  • 40. Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychol Rev. 1943;50(4):370–96.
  • 41. Maslow AH. Motivation and personality. NY: Harper and Row; 1954.
  • 42. Kenrick DT, Neuberg SL, Griskevicius V, Becker D V., Schaller M. Goal-driven cognition and functional behavior: The fundamental-motives framework. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2010;19(1):63–7.
  • 43. Hoffman E. The right to be human: A biography of Abraham Maslow. Los Angeles,CA: Jeremy P. Tarcher; 1988.
  • 44. Arthur MB, Rousseau D. The boundaryless career a new employment principle for a new organizational era. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1996.
  • 45. Baruch Y. ransforming careers: from linear to multidirectional career paths. Career Dev Int. 2004;9(1):58–73.
  • 46. Diener E, Lucas RE. Personality and subjective well-being. In: Kahneman D, Diener E, Schwarz N, editors. Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation; 1999. p. 213–29.
  • 47. Ryan RM, Deci EL. On happiness and human potentials: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52(1):141–66.
  • 48. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Self-determination theory: a macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Can Psychol. 2008;49(3):182–5.
  • 49. Seligman MEP. Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Simon and Schuster; 2012.
  • 50. Durkheim E. The division of labour in society. NY: Free Press; 1933.
  • 51. McAdams DP. Personal needs and personal relationships. In: Handbook of personal relationships. Chichester,England: Wiley; 1988. p. 7–22.
  • 52. Seligman MEP. PERMA and the building blocks of well-being. J Posit Psychol [Internet]. 2018;13(4):333–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1437466
  • 53. Fredrickson BL. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Philos Trans R sciety b Biol Sci [Internet].2004;359(1449):1367–77.Availablefrom: http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/doi/10.1098/rstb.2004.1512
  • 54. Battle J. Self esteem the new revolution. Edmonton, Canada: James Battle; 1990.
  • 55. Kulik JA, Mahler HI, Moore PJ. Social comparison and affiliation under threat: effects on recovery from major surgery. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996;71(5):967.
  • 56. McClelland DC. Human motivation. NY: Scott Freeman; 1985.
  • 57. Kaplan HR, Tausky C. The meaning of work among the hard-core unemployed. Pac Sociol Rev. 1974;1(185–198).
  • 58. Morgenroth T, Ryan MK, Peters K. The motivational theory of role modeling: How role models influence role aspirants’ goals. Rev Gen Psychol. 2015;19(4):465–83.
  • 59. Bandura A. Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52(1):1–26.
  • 60. Ainsworth JW. Does the race of neighborhood role models matter? Collective socialization effects on educational achievement. Urban Educ. 2010;45(1):401–23.
  • 61. Kahne JE, Sporte SE. Developing citizens: The impact of civic learning opportunities on students’ commitment to civic participation. Am Educ Res J. 2008;45(3):738–66.
  • 62. Zukin C, Keeter S, Andolina MW, Jenkins K, Carpini MXD. A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006.
  • 63. Basow SA, Howe KG. Role-model influence: Effects of sex and sex-role attitude in college students. Psychol Women Q. 1980;4(1):558–572.
  • 64. Almquist EM, Angrist SS. Role model influences on college women’s career aspirations. Merrill Palmer Q Behav Dev. 1971;17(3):263–79.