Validity and Reliability of The Turkish Version of Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory

Validity and Reliability of The Turkish Version of Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to conduct the Turkish adaptation and to test the validity and reliability of theTurkish version of the “Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI).”METHODSA total of 219 mixed-type cancer survivors with a mean age of 50.76 years participated in the study(79.9% women). They were asked to complete the Impact of Events Scale (IES) and Patient Health Questionnaire-Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms (PHQ-SADS) along with the translated versionof FCRI.RESULTSBy exploratory factor analysis and oblique rotation, the number of factors of the original scale decreasedfrom 7 to 5 and three of them have been renamed (“recurrence-related meta-cognitions,” “emotion-focused coping strategies,” and “quality of life”). The overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of FCRI was 0.94,and the item-total correlations ranged between 0.37 and 0.75. With respect to concurrent validity, exceptfor the “avoidance” subscale of IES, significant correlations (r=0.13–0.70; all p

___

  • 1. Butow PN, Fardell J, Smith A. Fear of cancer recurrence: an overview and Australian perspecive. Cancer Forum 2015;39(2):95–100.
  • 2. Gültekin M, Boztaş G. Türkiye kanser istatistikleri. Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu 2014;43(36).
  • 3. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer 2015;136(5):E359– 86.
  • 4. Özkan S, Armay Z. Psiko-Onoloji. İstanbul: Novartis Oncology; 2007. p. 71–114,135–151.
  • 5. Vickberg SM. The Concerns About Recurrence Scale (CARS): a systematic measure of women’s fears about the possibility of breast cancer recurrence. Ann Behav Med 2003;25(1):16–24.
  • 6. Simard S, Thewes B, Humphris G, Dixon M, Hayden C, Mireskandari S, et al. Fear of cancer recurrence in adult cancer survivors: a systematic review of quantitative studies. J Cancer Surviv 2013;7:300–22.
  • 7. Lebel S, Ozakinci G, Humphris G, Thewes B, Prins J, Dinkel A, et al. Current state and future prospects of research on fear of cancer recurrence. Psychooncology 2017;26(4):424–7.
  • 8. Glynne-Jones R, Chait I, Thomas SF. When and how to discharge cancer survivors in long term remission from follow-up: the effectiveness of a contract. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 1997;9(1):25–9.
  • 9. Simard S, Savard J. Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory: development and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of fear of cancer recurrence. Support Care Cancer 2009;17(3):241–51.
  • 10.Simard S, Savard J. Screening and comorbidity of clinical levels of fear of cancer recurrence. J Cancer Surviv 2015;9(3):481–91.
  • 11.Thewes B, Butow P, Zachariae R, Christensen S, Simard S, Gotay C. Fear of cancer recurrence: a systematic literature review of self-report measures. Psychooncology 2012;21(6):571–87.
  • 12.Thewes B, Bell ML, Butow P, Beith J, Boyle F, Friedlander M, et al. Psychological morbidity and stress but not social factors influence level of fear of cancer recurrence in young women with early breast cancer: results of a cross-sectional study. Psychooncology 2013;22(12):2797–806.
  • 13.Roth A, Nelson CJ, Rosenfeld B, Warshowski A, O’Shea N, Scher H, et al. Assessing anxiety in men with prostate cancer: further data on the reliability and validity of the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC). Psychosomatics 2006;47(4):340–7.
  • 14.Simard S, Savard J, Ivers H. Fear of cancer recurrence: specific profiles and nature of intrusive thoughts. J Cancer Surviv 2010;4(4):361–71.
  • 15.Lee-Jones C, Humphris G, Dixon R, Hatcher MB. Fear of cancer recurrence-a literature review and proposed cognitive formulation to explain exacerbation of recurrence fears. Psychooncology 1997;6(2):95–105.
  • 16.American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
  • 17.Lebel S, Simard S, Harris C, Feldstain A, Beattie S, McCallum M, et al. Empirical validation of the English version of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory. Qual Life Res 2016;25(2):311–21.
  • 18.Weiss DS, Marmar CR. The impact of event scale – revised. In: Wilson JP, Keane TM, editors. Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. New York: Guilford Press; 1997. pp. 399–411.
  • 19.Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67(6):361– 70.
  • 20.Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Löwe B. The Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2010;32(4):345–59.
  • 21.Yazici Güleç M, Güleç H, Simşek G, Turhan M, Aydin Sünbül E. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 2012;53(5):623–9.
  • 22. van den Beuken-van Everdingen MH, Peters ML, de Rijke JM, Schouten HC, van Kleef M, Patijn J. Concerns of former breast cancer patients about disease recurrence: a validation and prevalence study. Psychooncology 2008;17(11):1137–45.
  • 23.Çorapçıoğlu A, Yargıç İ, Geyran P, Kocabaşoğlu N. Olayların etkisi ölçeği. In IES-R) Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. New Symposium 2006;44:14–22.
  • 24.Şimşek ÖF. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks; 2007. p. 315–37.
  • 25.Hu LT, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 1999;6:1–55.
  • 26.Marsh HW, Hau K, Wen Z. In search of golden rules: comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling 2004;11:320–41.
  • 27.Sürgevil O, Tolay E, Topoyan M. Yapısal Güçlendirme ve Psikolojik Güçlendirme Ölçeklerinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Analizleri. Journal of Yasar University 2013;8(31):5371–91.
  • 28.Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall; 1986.
  • 29.Beck JS. Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond. Guilford Press; 2011.
  • 30.Lazarus RS, Folkman S. Stress, appraisal and coping. New York: Springer; 1984.
  • 31.Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. The WHOQOL Group. Psychol Med 1998;28(3):551–8.