Adjuvant Radiotherapy Approach in Stage I High Risk and High-intermediate Risk Endometrioid-type Uterine Cancers TROD 04-005 Gynecological Tumors Subgroup Survey Study
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Approach in Stage I High Risk and High-intermediate Risk Endometrioid-type Uterine Cancers TROD 04-005 Gynecological Tumors Subgroup Survey Study
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of adjuvant therapy approach in Stage I, high and high-intermediate risk endometrioid-type uterine cancers with a survey. METHODS Our survey, which was designed as the Turkish Society of Radiation Oncology-Gynecological Tumors Subgroup Study asked adjuvant therapy preference (ATP) according to different scenarios. RESULTS A total of 122 people participated in the survey. Myometrial invasion and grade were chosen the most frequently evaluated prognostic factor. In patients with Stage 1A-B, Grade 1-2, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (+) as determined by the staging surgery (SS), the ATP was 68% for vaginal brachytherapy (VB). In 48 (40%) participants who did not recommend SS for the patient without SS, the recommendations were external radiotherapy (ERT)+VB in 33%. In Stage 1A, Grade 3, LVI (−) patients who had undergone SS, the ATP was 63% for VB. For LVI (+) patients in the same group, the ATP was 43% for ERT+VB. In 39 (32.5%) participants who did not recommend SS for the patient without SS, the recommendations were ERT+VB in 43%. In Stage 1B, Grade 3, LVI (−) patients who had undergone SS, ATP was 45% for ERT+VB. For the LVI (+) positive patients, the ATP was 71% for ERT+VB. In 31 (26%) participants who did not recommend SS, for the patient without SS, the recommendations were ERT+VB in 55%. CONCLUSION Our survey showed that ATP of participants was similar to current guidelines. They preferred adjuvant therapy as a multi-modality treatment instead of single-modality in the presence of prognostic factors, such as not performing SS or LVI.
___
- 1. National Cancer Institute. Cancer stat facts: Uterine cancer. Available at: https://www.seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/ html/corp.html. Accessed Sep 23, 2020.
- 2. Lax SF, Horn LC, Loning T. Categorization of uterine cervix tumors: What’s new in the 2014 WHO classification. Pathologe. 2016;37(6):573–84.
- 3. National Cancer Institute. Endometrial cancer treatment physician data query (PDQ); 2015. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancERTopics/pdq/treatment/ endometrial/healthprofessional. Accessed Sep 01, 2015.
- 4. Briet JM, Hollema H, Reesink N, Aalders JG, Mourits MJ, ten Hoor KA, et al. Lymphvascular space involvement: An independent prognostic factor in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2005;96(3):799–804.
- 5. Colombo N, Creutzberg C, Amant F, Bosse T, González-Martín A, Ledermann J, et al. ESMOESGO- ESTRO consensus conference on endometrial cancer: Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2016;27(1):16–41.
- 6. Vargas R, Rauh-Hain JA, Clemmer J, Clark RM, Goodman A, Growdon WB, et al. Tumor size, depth of invasion, and histologic grade as prognostic factors of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer: A SEER analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2014;133(2):216–20.
- 7. Panici PB, Basile S, Maneschi F, Lissoni AA, Signorelli M, Scambia G, et al. Systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy vs. no lymphadenectomy in early-stage endometrial carcinoma: Randomized clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100(23):1707–16.
- 8. Kitchener H, Swart AM, Qian Q, Amos C, Parmar MK; ASTEC Study Group. Efficacy of systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer (MRC ASTEC trial): A randomised study. Lancet 2009;373(9658):125–36.
- 9. Trimble EL, Kosary C, Park RC. Lymph node sampling and survival in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1998;71(3):340–3.
- 10. Kim HS, Suh DH, Kim MK, Chung HH, Park NH, Song YS. Systematic lymphadenectomy for survival in patients with endometrial cancer: A meta-analysis. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012;42(5):405–12.
- 11. Todo Y, Kato H, Kaneuchi M, Watari H, Takeda M, Sakuragi N. Survival effect of para-aortic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer (SEPAL study): A retrospective cohort analysis. Lancet 2010;375(9721):1165– 72.
- 12. Creasman WT, Morrow CP, Bundy BN, Homesley HD, Graham JE, Heller PB. Surgical pathologic spread patterns of endometrial cancer. A gynecologic oncology group study. Cancer 1987;60(Suppl 8):2035–41.
- 13. Keys HM, Roberts JA, Brunetto VL, Zaino RJ, Spirtos NM, Bloss JD, et al. A phase III trial of surgery with or without adjunctive external pelvic radiation therapy in intermediate risk endometrial adenocarcinoma: A gynecologic oncology group study. Gynecol Oncol 2004;92(3):744–51.
- 14. Blake P, Swart AM, Orton J, Kitchener H, Whelan T, Lukka H, et al. Adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of endometrial cancer (MRC ASTEC and NCIC CTG EN.5 randomised trials): pooled trial results, systematic review, and meta-analysis. Lancet 2009;373(9658):137–46.
- 15. Creutzberg CL, van Putten WL, Koper PC, Lybeert ML, Jobsen JJ, Wárlám-Rodenhuis CC, et al. Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy versus surgery alone for patients with stage-1 endometrial carcinoma: Multicentre randomised trial. PORTEC study group. Post operative radiation therapy in endometrial carcinoma. Lancet 2000;355(9213):1404–11.
- 16. AlHilli MM, Mariani A, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Dowdy SC, Weaver AL, Peethambaram PP, et al. Risk-scoring models for individualized prediction of overall survival in low-grade and high-grade endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2014;133(3):485–93.
- 17. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Uterine neoplasms. Available at: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/ physician_gls/pdf/uterine.pdf. Accessed Dec 30, 2020.
- 18. Nout RA, Smit VT, Putter H, Jürgenliemk-Schulz IM, Jobsen JJ, Lutgens LC, et al. Vaginal brachytherapy versus pelvic external beam radiotherapy for patients with endometrial carcinoma of high-intermediate risk (PORTEC-2): An open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial. Lancet 2010;375(9717):816–23.
- 19. Sorbe B, Horvath G, Andersson H, Boman K, Lundgren C, Pettersson B. External pelvic and vaginal irradiation versus vaginal irradiation alone as postoperative therapy in medium-risk endometrial carcinoma a prospective randomized study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012;82(3):1249–55.
- 20. Harkenrider MM, Block AM, Alektiar KM, Gaffney DK, Jones E, Klopp A. American brachytherapy task group report: Adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy for early- stage endometrial cancer: A comprehensive review. Brachytherapy 2017;16(1):95–108.
- 21. ESGO. Endometrial (uterine) cancer. Available at: https://guidelines.esgo.org/about/guidelines-in-development/ endometrial-cancer/. Accessed May 3, 2021.
- 22. Aalders J, Abeler V, Kolstad P, Onsrud M. Postoperative external irradiation and prognostic parameters in stage I endometrial carcinoma: Clinical and histopathologic study of 540 patients. Obstet Gynecol 1980;56(4):419–27.