___

• Pata O, Vardareli E, Ozcan A, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: correlation of preterm delivery with bile acids. Turk J Gastroenterol 2011; 22:602-605.
• Bicocca MJ, Sperling JD, Chauhan SP. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Review of six national and regional guidelines. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 231:180-187.
• Glantz A, Marschall HU, Mattsson LA. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Relationships between bile acid levels and fetal complication rates. Hepatology 2004; 40:467-474.
• Reyes H, Radrigan ME, Gonzalez MC, et al. Steatorrhea in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Gastroenterology 1987; 93:584-590.
• Lindor K, Lee R. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy, UpToDate. 2019 (available on https://www.uptodate.com/contents/intrahepatic-cholestasis-of pregnancy search=Lindor K, Lee R. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy, UpToDate.&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
• Huang L, Zhao A, Lew JL, et al. Farnesoid X receptor activates transcription of the phospholipid pump MDR3. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:51085-951090.
• Milkiewicz P, Gallagher R, Chambers J, Eggington E, Weaver J, Elias E. Obstetric cholestasis with elevated gamma glutamyl transpeptidase: incidence, presentation and treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18:1283-1286.
• Lammert F, Marschall HU, Glantz A, Matern S. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. J Hepatol 2000; 33:1012-1021.
• Meng LJ, Reyes H, Axelson M, et al. Progesterone metabolites and bile acids in serum of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. Hepatology 1997; 26:1573-1579.
• Reyes H. Review: intrahepatic cholestasis. A puzzling disorder of pregnancy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997; 12:211-216.
• Kauppila A, Korpela H, Mäkilä UM, Yrjänheikki E. Low serum selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987; 294(6565):150-152.
• Agostoni A, Gerli GC, Beretta L, et al. Erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and selenium serum levels in an Andean population. Clin Chim Acta 1983; 133:153-157.
• Williamson C, Hems LM, Goulis DG, et al. Clinical outcome in a series of cases of obstetric cholestasis identified via a patient support group. BJOG 2004; 111:676-681.
• Alsulyman OM, Ouzounian JG, Ames-Castro M, Goodwin TM. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: perinatal outcome associated with expectant management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 175(4 Pt 1):957-960.
• Germain AM, Kato S, Carvajal JA, Valenzuela GJ, Valdes GL, Glasinovic JC. Bile acids increase response and expression of human myometrial oxytocin receptor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:577-582.
• Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH, Miragoli M, Abu-Hayyeh S, et al. Bile acid-induced arrhythmia is mediated by muscarinic M2 receptors in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. PLoS One. 2010; 5(3):e9689.
• Floreani A, Carderi I, Paternoster D, et al. Hepatobiliary phospholipid transporter ABCB4, MDR3 gene variants in a large cohort of Italian women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Dig Liver Dis 2008; 40:366-370.
• Rook M, Vargas J, Caughey A, Bacchetti P, Rosenthal P, Bull L. Fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in a Northern California cohort. PLoS One 2012; 7(3):e28343.
• Brouwers L, Koster MP, Page-Christiaens GC, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: maternal and fetal outcomes associated with elevated bile acid levels. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 212:100.e1-7.
• Yu L, Ding Y, Huang T, Huang X. Effect of bile Acid on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:308274.
• Zhang LJ, Xiang H, Ding YL. [Influence of total bile acid in maternal serum and cord blood on neonatal cardiac function from intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2009; 44:188-190.
• Paumgartner G, Beuers U. Ursodeoxycholic acid in cholestatic liver disease: mechanisms of action and therapeutic use revisited. Hepatology 2002; 36:525-531.
• EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases. J Hepatol 2009; 51:237-267.
• Mazzella G, Rizzo N, Azzaroli F, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid administration in patients with cholestasis of pregnancy: effects on primary bile acids in babies and mothers. Hepatology 2001; 33:504-508.
• Diken Z, Usta IM, Nassar AH. A clinical approach to intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2014; 31:1-8.
• Nicastri PL, Diaferia A, Tartagni M, Loizzi P, Fanelli M. A randomised placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid and S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105:1205-1207.
• Binder T, Salaj P, Zima T, Vítek L. Randomized prospective comparative study of ursodeoxycholic acid and S-adenosyl-L-methionine in the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. J Perinat Med 2006; 34:383-391.
• Chappell LC, Bell JL, Smith A, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (PITCHES): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2019; 394(10201):849-860.
• Pathak B, Sheibani L, Lee RH. Cholestasis of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2010; 37:269-282.
• Senocak GNC, Yilmaz EPT. Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrahepatic Cholestasis. Eurasian J Med 2019; 51:270-272.
• Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Green-top Guideline No 43. Obstetric Cholestasis. April 2011, available on https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg_43.pdf
• Obstetricians ACo, Gynecologists. ACOG committee opinion no. 561: nonmedically indicated early-term deliveries. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 121:911.
• Lee RH, Kwok KM, Ingles S, et al. Pregnancy outcomes during an era of aggressive management for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2008; 25:341-345.
• Kenyon AP, Piercy CN, Girling J, Williamson C, Tribe RM, Shennan AH. Obstetric cholestasis, outcome with active management: a series of 70 cases. BJOG 2002; 109:282-288.
• Silver RM, Parker CB, Goldenberg R, et al. Bile acids in a multicenter, population-based case-control study of stillbirth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 210:460.e1-9.
• Henderson CE, Shah RR, Gottimukkala S, Ferreira KK, Hamaoui A, Mercado R. Primum non nocere: how active management became modus operandi for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 211:189-196.
• Olsson R, Tysk C, Aldenborg F, Holm B. Prolonged postpartum course of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Gastroenterology 1993; 105:267-271.
• Geenes V, Williamson C. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:2049-2066.