videos about malaria on YouTube: Evaluation of the Turkish and English content

Objective: Malaria is an important mosquito-borne disease that affects half of the world’s population (mainly in tropical and subtropical countries). The contents of internet videos, though popular sources of public health information, are often unverified and questionable. Methods: In this study, the contents of the most relevantly viewed 150 videos (58 videos in English and 39 videos for Turkish were selected for further analysis) regarding malaria were analyzed on YouTube which is a popular source of health information. Results: All videos had a total of 14 373 885 views, with 281 199 likes, 4810 dislikes, and 24 339 comments. The health information websites (n=38, 39.2%) were the major source of all videos. According to the source, there was a significant difference between Turkish and English videos (p

Sıtma ile ilgili YouTube videolarının analizi: Türkçe ve İngilizce içeriklerin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Sıtma, dünya nüfusunun yarısını (esas olarak tropik ve subtropikal ülkelerde) etkileyen sivrisinek kaynaklı önemli bir hastalıktır. İnternet videolarının içerikleri, halk sağlığı bilgilerinin popüler kaynakları olmasına rağmen, genellikle doğrulanmamış ve sorgulanabilir niteliktedir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, popüler bir sağlık bilgi kaynağı olan YouTube’da sıtma ile ilgili en alakalı izlenen 150 videonun (58 İngilizce video ve 39 Türkçe video daha detaylı analiz için seçildi) içeriği analiz edildi. Bulgular: Tüm videolar; 281.199 beğeni, 4.810 beğenmeme ve 24.339 yoruma sahip olarak, toplam 14.373.885 kez izlendi. Sağlık bilgisi veren web siteleri (n=38, %39.2) tüm videoların ana kaynağıydı. Kaynağa göre bakıldığında; Türkçe ve İngilizce videolar arasında anlamlı bir fark vardı (p

PDF

___

1. World Health Organization 2020. World Malaria Report. Available at https://www.who.int/ publications/i/item/9789240015791.

2. Martini M, Andrea A, Riccardi N, Orsini D. Fifty years after the eradication of Malaria in Italy. The long pathway toward this great goal and the current health risks of imported malaria. Pathog Glob Health 2021;18: 1-9.

3. Kendjo E, Thellier M, Noël H, Jauréguiberry S, Septfons A, Mouri O, et al. Mortality from malaria in France, 2005 to 2014. Euro Surveill 2020; 25(36): 1900579.

4. Brindicci G, Santoro CR, Loconsole D, Martinelli D, Prato R, Lonero G, et al. A Cluster of Cryptic Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in African Migrants in Southern Italy, October 2017. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20(12):927-31.

5. T.C. Ministry of Health 2019. Health Statistics Yearbook. Available at: https://dosyasb.saglik. gov.tr/Eklenti/40566,health-statistics-yearbook- 2019pdf.pdf.

6. Alver O, Ener B. Bursa’da 2013-2014 yılları arasında sıtma epidemiyolojisi. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 2018; 75(1): 37-42.

7. Madathil KC, Rivera-Rodriguez AJ, Greenstein JS, Gramopadhye AK. Healthcare information on YouTube: a systematic review. J Health Inform, 2015; 21: 173-194.

8. Moorhead SA, Hazlett DE, Harrison L, Carroll JK, Irwin A, Hoving C. A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication. J Med Internet Res, 2013; 15(4): e85.

9. Ataç Ö, Özalp YC, Kurnaz R, Güler OM, İnamlık M, Hayran O. YouTube as an information source during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Evaluation of the Turkish and English content. Cureus, 2020; 12(10): e10795.

10. Bora K, Das D, Barman B, Borah P. Are internet videos useful sources of information during global public health emergencies? A case study of YouTube videos during the 2015–16 Zika virus pandemic. Pathog Glob Health, 2018; 112: 320-8.

11. Nagpal SJS, A Karimianpour D, Mukhija D, Mohan D, Brateanu A. YouTube videos as a source of medical information during the Ebola hemorrhagic fever epidemic. Springerplus, 2015; 4: 457.

12. Kallur A, Albalbissi A, Carillo-Marin I, Boonpheng B, Kallur L, Kherallah,Y, et al. Doctor YouTube’s opinion on seasonal influenza: A critical appraisal of the information available to patients. Digit Health, 2020; 6: 1-6.

13. Ortiz-Martinez Y, Ali-Salloum W, González-Ferreira F, Molinas-Argüello J. HIV videos on YouTube: helpful or harmful. Sex Transm Infect, 2017; 93(7): 481.

14. Ortiz-Martínez Y, Castellanos-Mateus S, Rojas- Moreno H, Suárez-Molina J. YouTube videos as a source of Hepatitis C-related information: A crosssectional study. Travel Med Infect Dis, 2020; 37: 101708.

15. Twinword.com, 6 common features of top 250 YouTube channels. Available at: https://www. twinword.com/blog/features-of-top-250-YouTubechannels/.

16. Charnock D, Shepperd S, Needham G, Gann R. DISCERN: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. J Epidemiol Community Health, 1999; 53: 105-11.

17. Erdem MN, Karaca S. Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube. Spine 2018; 43: 1334-39.

18. YouTube creator awards. Available at: https:// www.YouTube.com/creators/how-things-work/ programs-initiatives/awards/.

19. World Health Organization. Listings of WHO’s response to COVID-19. Available at. https://www. who.int/news/item/29-06-2020-covidtimeline.

20. World Health Organization 2015. Accelerating Progress on HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. Available at: https:// www.who.int/about/structure/organigram/htm/ progress-hiv-tb-malaria-ntd/en/.

21. World Health Organization 2013. Health literacy the solid facts. Available at: https://apps.who.int/ iris/bitstream/handle/10665/128703/e96854.pdf.

22. Chen YY, Li CM, Liang J, Tsai CC. Health information obtained from the internet and changes in medical decision making: questionnaire development and cross-sectional survey. J Med Internet Res, 2018; 20(2): e47.

23. Statista 2018. Sources of healthcare information for individuals in Turkey as of 2018. Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/890853/ sources-of-healthcare-information-turkey/.

24. Pannu AK. Malaria today: advances in management and control. Trop Doc, 2019; 49: 160-4.

25. Khatri P, Singh SR, Belani NK, Yeong YL, Lohan R, Lim WL, et al. YouTube as source of information on 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: a cross sectional study of English and Mandarin content. Travel Med Infect Dis, 2020; 35: 101636.

26. MacLeod MG, Hoppe DJ, Simunovic N, Bhandari M, Philippon MJ, Ayeni OR. YouTube as an information source for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review of video content. Arthroscopy, 2015; 31: 136-42.