Polimerik veziküller ve biyolojik uygulamaları

Bilimin gelişmesindeki temel yaklaşım olandoğayı taklit etme çabasının günümüzdeki enson örneklerinden birisi polimerik vezikülersistemlerdir. Hücresel bölümlendirmenin yapıtaşıolan fosfolipitlerin kendiliğinden oluşum süreci ileveziküler yapıları oluşturması sürecinin, sentetikamfifilik kopolimerler üzerinde uygulanması ileüretilen polimerik veziküllerin biyolojik uygulamaları,özellikle eczacılık ve tıp alanında büyük ilgi görmüştür.Polimerik veziküller, kopolimerin hidrofobik bloğununsu ile temasını en aza indirgemek için yan yanagelerek çifte tabakalı bir membran oluşturması ve bumembranın sulu ortamı çevrelemesiyle meydana gelenmikroskopik/nanoskopik partiküllerdir. Yapılarındakisulu lümen içerisinde hidrofilik molekülleribarındırabilen bu sistemler aynı zamanda hidrofobikmolekülleri kopolimerik vezikül membranı içerisindetaşıyabilmektedirler. Dolayısıyla, yapısında her türlümolekülü taşıyabilme kapasitesi olan ve üretilençeşitli kopolimerler ile kendisine farklı uygulamaalanları bulmuş polimerik veziküller, araştırmacılartarafından çoğunlukla ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler,medikal görüntüleme ajanları, nanoreaktörler veson yıllarda da kendiliğinden çalışan nanomotorlarolarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu derleme ile, polimerikveziküller üzerinde çalışma yapacak bilim insanlarına/araştırmacılara genel bir perspektifin sunulması vegüncel bilgilerin bir arada verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Polymeric vesicles and biological applications

One of the most recent example of the effort to imitate nature which is the basic approach for the development of science, is the polymeric vesicular systems. The biological applications of the polymeric vesicles produced by the application of self-assembly process of vesicle forming phospholipids which are the building blocks of cellular compartmentalization, on synthetic amphiphilic copolymers, have attracted considerable interest, especially in the field of pharmaceutics and medicine. Polymeric vesicles are microscopic / nanoscopic particles which are formed by the confinemet of an aqueous environment by the copolymeric bilayer membrane which is shaped by the aim of minimizing the contact angle between the hydrophobic block of the copolymer and water. These systems, which can contain hydrophilic molecules in their aqueous lumen, can also carry hydrophobic molecules in the copolymeric vesicle membrane. Therefore, polymeric vesicles, which have the capacity to carry all kinds of molecules in the structure and can be produced from various copolymers, have been utilized in different application areas such as drug delivery systems, medical imaging agents, nanoreactors and self-propelling nanomotors in recent years. With this review, it is aimed to present a general perspective to scientists / researchers who will work on polymeric vesicles and along with outlining the current information in the field.

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