Johnbull Sonny OGBI, Felix EBUNU, Joshua A. ITSIFINUS, Kabir SABITU, Suleiman IDRIS

HIV infection among civilian applicants for Nigeria military service

AMAÇ: HIV/AIDS üreme çağında bulunan yaş grubunda sıklıkla rastlanan gelişim ve güvenlik problemi olarak kabul edilen ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada gençler arasında HIV enfeksiyonunun çok yaygın olduğu Nijerya’da, silahlı kuvvetlere katılım için başvuran sivil adaylarda HIV seroprevelansının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. METOD: Bu kesitsel çalışma Ocak-Şubat ve Temmuz-Ağustos 2005 dönemlerinde Nijerya ordusuna katılmak için başvuran adaylarda HIV enfeksiyonu durumunu tespit etmek için planlanmıştır. Örnekler, katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin kaydedilmesini takiben toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 12 programında ki-kare testi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş, p değerinin 0.05’ten küçük olması anlamlılık sınırı olarak kabul edilmiştir. BULGULAR: Çalışmada değerlendirilen 9260 örnekten 204 (%2,2)’ünde HIV testi pozitif çıkmış, en yüksek oran 22-25 yaş grubunda tespit edilmiştir (%73,5). Her iki cinste de enfeksiyona rastlanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 22 olup, yaş aralığı 18-30, erkek-kadın oranı ise 1:7’dir. HIV antikor pozitifliğine en sık 21-24 yaş aralığında olanlarda rastlanmıştır. SONUÇ: Nijerya’nın tüm bölgelerinden antikor pozitif adaylar tespit edilmiş, elde edilen prevelans, hastalık epidemiyolojisinin bölgelere göre kalitatif ve kantitatif olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir. Bu durum HIV bulaşının genç erişkinlerde (13-19 yaşlarından 20’li yaşların sonlarına kadar) gerçekleştiğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Silahlı kuvvetlerdeki mevcut HIV yaygınlığı Nijerya’nın istikrarına da ciddi etki etmektedir.

Nijerya silahlı kuvvetleri’ne başvuranlarda HIV enfeksiyonu

AIM: HIV/AIDS is a serious social pathology in public health, developmental and security problem since the productive and reproductive age group is mostly affected. This study was to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV among civilian applicants enrolling into military services of Nigeria army where youth’s vulnerability to HIV infection is very high. METHOD: A periodic cross sectional study was carried out amongst the civilian applicants undergoing recruitment into the Nigeria Army between January-February and July-August 2005, to determine their HIV status. Samples were collected from the applicants after interview to collect their socio-demographic characteristics. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS Version 12 and Chi square statistics was used to test for significance of association at P< 0.05. RESULTS: Out of the 9260 samples collected, 204 (2.2%) tested positive for HIV with the highest proportion (73.5%) occurring in the 22-25yrs bracket. Infection was detected in both sexes. The mean age of the applicants was 22yrs, with age range of 18-30 yrs and sex ratio of 1:7 (M: F). Age sex-specificity shows aged between 21-24 years have the highest number of HIV-antibody positivity. CONCLUSION: Antibody-positive applicants were identified in all the regions of Nigeria and the prevalence suggests that the epidemiology of transmission is changing both quantitatively and qualitatively because HIV now occurs commonly among young adults in their teens and late 20s and the impact of HIV on the military has grave consequences on the stability of Nigeria. The adoption of routine screening of applicants at point of recruitment, serving and retiring from the military can also be a source of data for understanding the epidemiology of this disease among the civilian and the military but in as HIV counseling and testing is an important continuum of the disease prevention and treatment, there is need to review Nigerian Army HIV and AIDS policy.

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