GENİŞLETİLMİŞ ÇEVRESEL KUZNETS EĞRİSİNİN TÜRKİYE İÇİN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Bu çalışma, gelir ve emisyon miktarı arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığını, ekonomik gelişme ile çevresel bozulma arasında ters U şeklinde bir ilişki olduğunu iddia eden genişletilmiş Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) hipotezi kapsamında ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. İlave olarak enerji tüketiminin, finansal gelişmenin ve sanayi sektörün payının emisyonuna etkisi de ayrıca incelenmiştir. Türkiye ekonomisinin 1960-2016 dönemi yıllık verilerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, regresyon modeli gecikmesi dağıtılmış otoregresif sınır testi (ARDL) ve hata düzeltme modeli (ECM) yöntemleri ile tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuçlar Türkiye’de hem kısa hem de uzun dönemde; enerji tüketiminin, finansal gelişmenin ve sanayi sektörünün emisyonunu artırdığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, EKC hipotezinin her iki dönemde de geçerli olduğu, diğer bir ifadeyle kişi başına düşen emisyon miktarı gelir düzeyi bir noktaya kadar yükselirken yükseldiği, bir eşik değerden sonra ise gelir artışına rağmen azalışa geçtiği anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, CO_2 Emisyon, Enerji Tüketimi, Finansal Gelişmişlik, Sanayi

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