Dünyada doğal ürünlere yönelik eğilim, enfeksiyöz hastalıkların ilaç direncindeki artış, yüksek ilaç fiyatları ve erişim zorluğu nedeniyle artmaktadır. Ayrıca, tedavisi zor ve uzun süren bakteriyal veya viral hastalıklar insanlar üzerinde önemli enfeksiyonlara neden olur. Çoğu viral enfeksiyon için etkili bir ilaç geliştirilemediğinden, virüslere karşı doğal ürünlerin bulunması ve bilim dünyasına tanıtılması çok önemlidir. Bu amaçla, Türkiye'ye endemik bir tür olan Ferula halophila Peşmen'den elde edilen su ve metanol ekstrelerinin antiviral aktiviteleri, insan solunum sinsityal virüsüne (HRSV, ATCC-VR-26) karşı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, bitki ekstrelerinin sitotoksik ve antiviral özellikleri sırasıyla, HRSV/HEp-2 hücre sistemlerinde kolorimetrik MTT deneyi ile araştırılmıştır. RSV’nin titresi 100 DKID50 (%50 Doku kültürü infektif doz) olarak kullanılmıştır. Metanol ekstresinin MNTC’u (Maksimum non toksik konsantrasyon) 195,313 µg/mL ve CC50’u (%50 sitotoksik konsantrasyon) 4366,22 µg/mL, su ekstresinin ise MNTC’u 390,625 µg/mL ve CC50 4366,22 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre metanol ekstresi su ekstresinden daha toksik özellik göstermiştir. Kontrol olarak kulllanılan Ribavirinin MNTC 0,98 µg/mL ve CC50 ise 110,40 µg/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. Antiviral çalışma sonucunda metanol ekstresinin etkili olmadığı, buna karşın su ektresinin 50,69 µg/mL EC50 (%50 etkili konsantrasyon) ve 97,54 SI (Seçicilik indeksi) değerleri ile önemli bir anti-HRSV aktivitesi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ribavirinin EC50 ve SI değerleri ise sırasıyla 2,39 ve 46,19 µg/mL dir.Elde edilen sonuçlara göre sadece su ekstresinde antiviral aktivitenin görülmesi ve metanol ekstresinde antiviral aktivitenin olmayışını, methanol ekstresinin toksitesinin yüksek olması ve antiviral özellikte olan bileşiklerin metanol ekstresinde çözünmemesiyle açıklayabiliriz.

THE ANTI HRSV ACTIVITY OF Ferula halophila Peşmen AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACT BY MTT ASSAY

The trend towards natural products in the world is increasing due to the increased drug resistance of infectious diseases, the high prices for drugs and the difficulty of access. Also, bacterial or viral diseases that are difficult to treat and need a long time for proper treatment cause important infections in people. Since effective drugs could not be developed for most viral infections, it is very important to find natural products against viruses to introduce them to the world of science. The antiviral activities of the aqueous and methanol extract from Ferula halophila Peşmen, an endemic species to Turkey, has been investigated against human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV, ATCC-VR-26). The cytotoxic and antiviral properties of plant extracts were investigated in HRSV / HEp-2 cell systems, respectively by the colorimetric MTT assay. In the study, the titer of RSV was used as 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose). While MNTC (Maximum non-toxic concentration) of methanol extract was 195.313 µg/mL and CC50 (50% cytotoxic concentration) was 4366.22 µg/mL, it was determined as MNTC = 390.625 µg/mL and CC50 = 4366.22 for aqueous extract. According to the results, methanol extract showed more toxicity than the aqueous extract. The MNTC of Ribavirin used as a positive control was determined as 0.98 µg/mL and CC50 was 110.40 µg/mL.As a result of the study, it was determined that the methanol extract was not effective, whereas the aqueous extract had a significant anti-HRSV activity with the values of 50.69 µg/mL EC50 (50% Effective Concentration) and 97.54 Selectivity Index (SI). The EC50 and SI values of Ribavirin were 2.39 µg/mL and 46.19, respectively.According to the results, we can explain the presence of antiviral activity only in the aqueous extract and the absence in the methanol extract by the high toxicity of it and the insolubility of the antiviral compounds in the methanol extract.

Keywords:

Ferula halophila, methanol and aqueous extract, cytotoxicity antiviral activity, human respiratory syncytial virus,

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