Introduction. Nitrate from pollutants that threaten human health is not possible to see contamination because it does not affect the color, odor or taste of the water resources. Nitrate converts to nitrite, invite many diseases, especially cancer. The most important reason for the toxic acceptance of these substances is that they react with secondary minerals present in the human body to form nitrosamines which are carcinogenic. Studies conducted in recent years show that in most countries the nitrate concentration in drinking water sources exceeds the permissible limit value Aim of the study. In this review, the effects of nitrate on public health, toxicity, chemistry and nitrate removal processes have been investigated. Main purpose, reduce the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agricultural land, domestic and industrial wastewater treatment and prevent uncontrolled disposal or storage of animal wastes by raising public awareness. Results. Nitrate and nitrite in the water are indicators of water quality. Since the pollution formation is a rather expensive and laborious process, it is necessary to control the sources causing nitrate pollution. Conclusions. Nitrate pollution waters and risky areas should be determined, nitrate pollution prevention and remediation studies should be done in risky and polluted waters. Drinking water sources and their surroundings must be protected from nitrate pollution sources. People should be conscious of this issue as the most important factor to prevent danger before pollution occurs.    KEYWORDS: Water, Nitrate, Nitrite, Toxicity, Cancer, Process