Abstract A simple, rapid, onsite and green biological strategy for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Curcuma longa aqueous root extract has been reported in the current study. Curcuma longa aqueous root extract was used as reducing agent and protecting source which led to the formation of silver nanoparticles. Various reaction parameters were optimized in order to achieve monodispersed spherical silver nanoparticles having a large surface to volume ratio. Optimization of the concentration of precursor salt, the volume of Curcuma longa aqueous extract, temperature and pH effect was carried out to obtain small dimensional stable biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. As prepared Curcuma-AgNPs were chacterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).  These techniques showed that fabricated Curcuma-AgNPs were highly dispersed, spherical and crystalline in nature. TEM analysis indicated that most of the nanoparticles were spherical having an average size of 30.3±2nm.   Keywords: Green biological strategy, Curcuma longa, Silver nanoparticles, Aqueous extract