Incidence and Distribution of Tomato Spotted Wilt Tospovirus (TSWV) in Vegetable Crops in Antalya Province of Turkey

Incidence and Distribution of Tomato Spotted Wilt Tospovirus (TSWV) in Vegetable Crops in Antalya Province of Turkey

Large scale surveys were conducted during 2007-2009 to monitor the incidence and distribution of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plants growing greenhouses in Antalya province including Center (Aksu, Kursunlu, Camkoy and Altinova villages), Serik (Center and Cakallık villages) and Kumluca (Center, Mavikent and Beykonak villages) districts by DAS-ELISA tests. In total, 42 tomato, 69 pepper and 12 lettuce commercial greenhouses were surveyed and a total number of 596 samples were collected from 193 tomato, 345 pepper and 58 lettuce plants. TSWV was detected in 526 samples (88%) from 156 tomato (81%), 316 pepper (92%), 54 lettuce (93%) plants. Three TSWV isolates, coded S1, K1 and A1 were selected from tomato, pepper and lettuce samples respectively for biological characterization. The symptom severity and expression times on indicator plants were varied for each TSWV isolate. The symptoms caused by the lettuce isolate (A1) were observed in 7-10 days whereas for tomato (S1) and pepper (K1) isolates in 20-24 days after inoculation. The S1, K1 and A1 isolates were also additionally confirmed by RT-PCR using two different TSWV specific primers (L1TSWVR (AAT TGC CTT GCA ACC AAT TC)-L2TSWVF (ATC AGT CGA AAT GGT CGG CA) and BR035 (GAA TAT ATG ACA CCA TTG)-PDH006 (CCC AGA GCA ATC AGT GCA)) and the amplicons of the expected sizes, 276 and 514 bp, were obtained.

___

  • Anonymous, 2014. Agricultural Structure, Production, Price and Value. Turkish Statical Institute, Ankara. Abou-Jawdah, Y., El Mohtar, C. and Sobh, H., 2006. First Report of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Tomatoes in Lebanon. Plant Diseases, 90: 376. Abu-Shirbi, A., Mansour, A., Salem, N. and Al-Tamimi, N., 2012. Viral Diseases Affecting Open Field Tomato in Jordan. Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 8, No.1 Antignus, Y., Lapidot, M., Ganaim, N., Cohen, J., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Raccah, B. and Gera, A., 1997. Biological and Molecular Characterization of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Israel. Phytoparasitica, 25(4): 319- 330. Arli Sokmen, M., Mennan, H., Sevik, M.A. and Ecevit, O., 2005. Occurrence of Viruses in Field- grown Pepper Crops and Some of Their Reservoir Weed Hosts in Samsun, Turkey. Phytoparasitica 33(4): 347- 358 Astruc, N., Marcos, J.F., Macquarie, G., Candresse, G.T. and Vicent, P., 1996. Studies on the Diagnosis of Hop Stunt Viroid in Fruit Trees: İdentification of New Host and Application of a Nucleic Acid Extraction Procedure Based on Non-Organik Solvents. European Journal Of Plant Pathology, 102, 837- 846. Azeri, T., 1981. Preminary Report of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virüs and ıts Epidemy on Tobacco in the Çanakkale Region of Turkey. J Turkish Phytopathology, 10(2-3): 79- 87. Azeri, T., 1994. Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virüs in Tobacco and Tomato Cultivars by Enzyme Linked İmminosorbent Assay. J. Turkish Phytopathology, 23(1): 37- 46. Broadbent, A.B. and Allen, W.R., 1995. Interactions within the Western Flower Thrips/Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus/Host Plant Complex on Virus Epidemiology. Thrips Biology and ManagementNATO ASI Series Volume 276, 1995, pp 185-196. Cho, J.J., Mitchel, W.C., Mau, R.F.L. and Sakimura, K., 1987. Epidemiology of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virüs Disease on Crisphead Lettuce in Hawaii. Plant Disease, 71: 505- 508. Deligoz, I., Arli Sokmen, M. and Sari, S., 2014.First report of Resistance Breaking Strain of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (Tospovirus; Bunyaviridae) on Resistant Sweet Pepper Cultivars in Turkey. New Disease Reports, 30, 26. Eckel, C.S., Cho, K., Walgenbach, J.F., Kennedy, G.G. and Moyer, J.W., 1996. Variation in Thrips Species Composition in Field Crops and İmplications for Tomato Spotted Wilt Epidemiology in North Carolina. Entomol. Exp., 78: 19- 29. Eiras, M., Resente, R.O., Missiaggia, A.A. and De Avila, A.C., 2001. RT- PCR and Dot Blot Hybridization Methods for a Universal Detection of Tospoviruses. Fitopatologia Brasileira, Vol. 26: 170- 175. Gallitelli, D. and Minafra, A., 1994. Electroforesis. Course on Plant Virus Diagnosis, 15- 30 October 1994. Adana-Turkey. Page: 89- 99. German, T.L., Ullman, D.E. and Moyer, J.W., 1992. Tospoviruses: Diagnosis, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny and Vector Relationships. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 30: 315- 348. Gnayem, N., 1995 Epidemiological and Biological Aspects of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus-TSWV. M. Sc. Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture of Hebrew University of Jeruselam, Rehavot, Israel. Goldbackh, R. and Peters, D., 1994. Possible Causes of the Emergence of Tospovirus Diseases. Seminers in Virology, 3: 113- 120. Guldur, M.E., Marchoaux, G., Yurtmen, M. and Yilmaz, M.A., 1995. Mersin ve Çevresinde Yetiştirilen Domateslerde Zararlı Yeni Bir Virüs: Tomato Spotted Wilt Virüs. VII. Türkiye Fitopatoloji Kongresi, 26- 29 Eylül 1995, Adana. Bildiriler, 303- 306. Hajiabadi, A.M., Asaei, F., Mandoulakani, B.A. and Rastgou, M., 2012. Natural Incidence of Tomato Viruses in the North of Iran. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 51, 2, 390−396. Holguin Pena, R.J. and Rueda Puente, E.O., 2007. Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tomato in the Baja California Peninsula of Mexico. Plant Disease, 91(12): 1682. Kamberoglu, M.A. and Alan, B., 2011. Occurrence of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Lettuce in Cukurova region of Turkey. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 13: 431–434 Kamberoglu, M.A, Caliskan, A.F. and Alan, B., 2009. First report of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Eggplant in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology, 91: 231-231. Kucuk, B.,and Kamberoglu, M.A., 2008. Adana ve Mersin İlllerinde Domates Lekeli Solgunluk Virüsü (Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV)’nün Saptanması ve Bazı TSWV İzolatlarının Biyolojik Karakterizasyonu. J.Agric. Fac. Ç.Ü., 2008, 23 (4): 17- 24. Mandal, B., Pappu, H.R. and Culbreath, A.K., 2001. Factors Affecting Mechanical Transmission of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virüs to Peanut (Arachis hypogea). Plant Disease, 85: 1259– 1263. Mohammadi, M., Esmaeeli- Far, A., Zad, J. and Okhovat, M., 2000. Serological Detection and Symptomology of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tehran Province, Iran. J. Arg. Sci. Tech. (2000) Vol. 2: 107- 117. Moreno, A., De Blas, C., Biurrun, R., Nebreda, M., Palacios, I., Duque, M. and Fereres, A., 2004. The İncidence and Distribution of Viruses İnfecting Lettuce, Cultivated Brassica and Associated Natural Vegetation in Spain. Annals of Applied Biology 144 (3). Mumford, R.A., Barker, I. and Wood, K.R., 1994. The Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Using The Polymerase Chain Reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 46: 303- 311. Ozdemir, S., Erilmez, S. and Kacan, K., 2009. Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) on Tomato Crops and Some Weeds in Denizli Province of Turkey. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 808:171-174. Salem, N. M., Mansour, A. and Badwan, H., 2012. Identification and Partial Characterization of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Lettuce in Jordan. Journal of Plant Pathology; Vol. 94 Issue 2, p431. Sevik, M.A and Arli-Sokmen, M., 2012. Estimation of the Effect of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Infection on Some Yield Components of Tomato, Phytoparasitica, 40 (1) 87-93. Sherwood, J.L., German, T.L., Moyer, J.W. and Ullman, D.E., 2003. Tomato Spotted Wilt. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI:10.1094/PHI-I-2003-0613-02Updated, 2009) Soleimani, P., Gholamhossein, M. and Habibi, M.K., 2011. Identification of Some Viruses Causing Mosaic on Lettuce and Characterization of Lettuce Mosaic Virus from Tehran Province in Iran. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6(13), pp. 3029-3035 Turhan, P. and Korkmaz, S., 2006. Çanakkale İlinde Domates Lekeli Solgunluk Vürüsünün Serolojik ve Biyolojik Yöntemlerle Saptanması. Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 12(2) 130-136. Yardimci, N. and Kılıc Culal, H., 2009. Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Vegetable Growing Areas in the West Mediterranean Region of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8: 4539-4541. Yurtmen, M., Guldur, M.E. and Yilmaz, M.A., 1998. Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus on Pepper in Icel Province of Turkey. Ninth Conference of the I. SH.S Vegetable Virus Working Group, Recent Advance in Vegetable Virus Research, 22-27 August 1998, Torino, Italy, p 91-92.