TEKRARLI YIKAMA İŞLEMLERİ SONRASI POLİAMİD 6.6’NIN NÜANSLANMASI VE KUMAŞ YÜZEYİNDE KİMYASAL DEĞİŞİMLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Beyaz kumaşlar ev tipi çamaşır deterjanları ile tekrarlanan yıkama işlemine tabi tutulduğunda beyazlık azalmakta, sararma veya grileşme belirginleşmektedir. Kumaş beyazlığının yıkamadan sonra korunması, deterjan içeriğindeki floresan beyazlatma maddesi, nüanslama boyası gibi çeşitli katkı maddeleriyle sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, poliamid kumaşlarda çoklu yıkama işleminden sonra oluşan grileşme / sararma şikayetlerini önlemek için nüanslama boyalarının kullanımını araştırmaktır. Tekrarlı yıkanan poliamid kumaşlar üzerindeki kimyasal etkiler standart test yöntemleri kullanılarak açıklanmaktadır. Kumaşların beyazlık indeksi (WI CIE) spektrofotometre ile ölçülmüştür. Tekrarlı yıkama işleminin etkisi, mukavemet kaybı, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), X-ışını fotoelektron spektroskopisi (XPS) ve Fourier transform infrared spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, % 10 beyazlatma sistemine sahip Disperse Violet 28® nüanslama boyası içeren deterjan formülasyonu,% 12 beyazlatma sistemine sahip Direct Violet 9® nüanslama boyası içeren deterjan formülasyonuna göre daha iyi beyazlık indeksi göstermektedir. Patlama mukavemetinin istatistiksel değerlendirilmesi, her iki deterjan formülünde de kumaşlarda aynı miktarda güç kaybının meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. Poliamid kumaş yüzeyi üzerinde kalsiyum karbonat olduğu FTIR ile belirlenmiştir ve XPS sonuçları da bu bulguyu desteklemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Deterjan, Nüanslama Boyası, Direkt Viyole 9, Dispers Viyole 28, Beyazlık İndeksi, Poliamid

SHADING OF POLYAMIDE 6.6 AFTER MULTI WASHING PROCESS AND INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL CHANGES ON FABRIC SURFACE

When white fabrics are subjected to repeated washing process with home type laundry detergent, whiteness is decreased and yellowing or graying become evident. Post-wash protection of fabric whiteness is provided with various additives such as fluorescent whitening agent, shading dyes in detergent contents. The aim of this research is to investigate the usage of shading dyes for preventing the complaints of graying/yellowing occurring after multi washing process in polyamide fabrics. Chemical effects over the multiwashed polyamide fabrics were explained by using standard test methods. The whiteness index of fabrics (WI CIE) was measured by spectrophotometer. Post-multiple washing effects were evaluated by loss of strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). According to the results, detergent formulation including Disperse Violet 28® shading dye showed better whiteness index in spite of having 10% bleaching system than detergent formulation including Direct Violet 9® shading dye having 12% bleaching system. Statistical evaluation of bursting strength showed that the same strength losses on fabrics in both detergent formulas occurred. Calcium carbonate was determined on polyamide fabric surface by FTIR and XPS results supported this finding.

Keywords:

Detergent, Shading Dye, Direct Violet 9, Disperse Violet 28, Whiteness Index, Polyamide,

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