Mahmut KESKİN, Ahmet DURSUN, Zehra GÜLER, Zühal GÜNDÜZ, Süleyman Ercüment ÖNEL, Sabri GÜL

Sağım Öncesi Bekleme Süresinin Şam ve Kilis Keçi Sütlerinin Orotik, Ürik ve Hippürik Asit İçeriği Üzerine Etkisi

Değişen miktarlarda sütte bulunan organik asitler, hayvanın sağlık durumuna ve sütün kalitesine işaret edebilir. Kırsal alanlarda keçiler tüm gün boyunca merada otlatılmakta ve çiftliğe vardıklarında hemen sağıma başlanmaktadır. Ancak, hayvan meradan döner dönmez sağımın ve bir süre bekledikten sonra sağımın, vücut metabolizmasının ürünleri olan azot içeren organik asit içeriği üzerine herhangi bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığı bilinmemektedir. Bundan dolayı çalışmamızda laktasyon boyunca Şam ve Kilis keçi sütlerinde orotik, urik ve hippurik asit içerikleri üzerine sağım öncesi beklemenin etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Deneme 40 keçi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir ırktan 20 keçi rastgele eşit sayıda iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol ve deneme keçileri sırasıyla meradan döndükten hemen sonra yemleme sırasında ve 1 saat bekletmeden sonra sağılmışlardır. Mayıs ayından Ekim ayına kadar 30 gün aralıklarla alınan örnekler ters faz yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisinde organik asitlerin analizi için kullanılmıştır. Laktasyon boyunca hippürik asit en çok bulunan organik asit olmuş, onu orotik ve ürik asitler izlemiştir. Deneme grubundaki Kilis keçileri en yüksek hippürik asit içeriğine sahip olmuşlardır. Şam keçi sütleri Kilis keçi sütlerinden daha fazla orotik asit içermiştir. Sağım öncesi bekletme ürik asit içeriğinde önemli bir azalma sağlamıştır. Genellikle orotik ve ürik asit laktasyon sonuna doğru azalırken hippurik asit laktasyonun son üç ayında önemli bir artış göstermiştir. Sonuçta düşük ürik asit içeriğinden dolayı, keçi yetiştiricilerine özellikle Şam keçileri için meradan döndükten sonra sağım öncesi bekletme uygulaması önerilebilir.

Effects of Waiting Period before Milking on Orotic, Uric and Hippuric Acid Contents of Milks from Shami and Kilis Goats

The organic acids present in milk in varying quantities can reflect the health condition of the animals and the nutritional quality of milk. In rural areas, goats are maintained in pasture during whole day and milking is being started as soon as goats arrive to farm. However, it is not known whether milking during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture or after 1 hour-waiting have any effect on nitrogen-containing organic acids are the body metabolism products. Therefore, in this study we objected to determine the effects of 1 hour-waiting period before milking on orotic, uric and hippuric acids of milks from “Shami (Damascus)” and “Kilis” goat breeds during lactation period. The trial was carried out with 40 goats. The 20 goats from each breed were randomly separated to two groups at equal number. Control and experimental groups of the both breeds were milked during feeding as soon as goats return from pasture and after 1 hour-waiting following feeding, respectively. The milk samples taken with interval 30 days from May to October were used for organic acid analysis at a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. During lactation hippuric acid was the most abundant organic acid, followed by orotic and uric acids. Experimental group of Kilis goats had the highest level of hippuric acid. Orotic acid was higher in Shami goats than that in Kilis breed. Uric acid was the highest in control group of Shami breed. The 1 hour-waiting period before milking resulted in a significant decrease in uric acid. In general, orotic and uric acid decreased towards the end of lactation whereas hippuric acid markedly increased in the last 3 months of lactation. It was concluded that the 1 hour-waiting before milking after returning from pasture may be especially suggested to Shami goat raisers due to the low uric acid content of the milk.

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