Mohammad Reza AZAMPARSA, İsmail SAYİM, Namuk ERGÜN, Rukiye MURAT DURAN, Kürşad ÖZBEK, Aziz KARAKAYA

Identification of Barley Landraces and Wild Barley (Hordeum spontaneum) Genotypes Resistant to Rhynchosporium commune

Barley scald is caused by the fungal pathogen Rhynchosporium commune. This disease causes substantial losses in barley production areas of the world. In this study, seedling resistance of 198 barley landraces, 104 wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) genotypes and two susceptible Turkish cultivars (Bülbül 89 and Efes 3) to 6 R. commune isolates was assessed in greenhouse experiments. Virulence differences among the R. commune isolates were observed. One six- rowed barley landrace (Yeşilköy 9052) was resistant to all six isolates. Another six-rowed barley landrace (genotype no17) showed resistant reaction to 5 isolates. Fourteen barley landraces were resistant and susceptible to 4 and 2 isolates, respectively. Twenty seven genotypes of H. spontaneum numbered as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 16, 20, 30, 31, 36, 37, 48, 50, 51, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 67, 79, 80, 83, 90, 94 and 101 were found resistant to all six isolates of R. commune. Apart from these genotypes, 19 genotypes numbered as 1, 2, 32, 33, 34, 42, 43, 49, 52, 64, 66, 76, 77, 78, 96, 97, 102, 104 and 107 showed resistance to 5 isolates and susceptibility to only 1 isolate. Two susceptible Turkish cultivars Bülbül 89 and Efes 3 were found susceptible to 96% of the scald isolates. Resistant barley landraces and Hordeum spontaneum genotypes can be used as sources of resistance against R. commune.

PDF

___

Abbott D C, Burdon J J & Brown A H D (1992). Genes for scald resistance from wild barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum) and their linkage to isozyme markers. Euphytica 61: 225-231
Albustan S, Çetin L & Düşünceli F (1998). Orta Anadolu için geliştirilen bazı arpa nörserilerinde arpa yaprak lekesi hastalığına (Rhynchosporium commune (Oudem.) J.J. Davis) dayanıklı genotiplerin sera ve tarla koşullarında belirlenmesi. Türkiye VIII. Fitopatoloji Kongresi Bildirleri, 21-25 Eylül, Ankara, pp. 30-33
Alemayehu F & Parlevliet J E (1997). Variation between and within Ethiopian barley landraces. Euphytica 94: 183-189
Avora A & Knogge W (2012). Rhynchosporium commune: a persistent threat to barley cultivation. Molecular Plant Pathology 13: 986-997
Azamparsa M R (2015). Türkiye’de Rhynchosporium commune’nin patotiplerinin belirlenmesi ve bazı yerel arpa çeşitlerine ve yabani arpa (Hordeum spontaneum) populasyonlarına karşı tepkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Doktora Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Azamparsa M R, Karakaya A, Mert Z, Aydın G, Peşkircioğlu H, Seçer E, Özmen D, Tutluer İ & Sağel Z (2015a). Seedling response of two barley cultivars and gamma ray-induced advanced barley lines to Rhynchosporium commune. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 24(1): 75-78
Azamparsa M R, Mert Z, Karakaya A, Sayim İ, Ergün N & Aydoğan S (2015b). Determination of the seedling reactions of some barley cultivars and advanced barley lines to Rhynchosporium commune. Bitki Koruma Bülteni 55(3): 247-252
Badr A, Müller K, Schafer-Pregl R, El Rabey H, Effgen S, Ibrahim H H, Pozzi C, Rohde W & Salamini F (2000). On the origin and domestication history of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 499-510
Ceccarelli S & Grando S (2000). Barley landraces from the Fertile Crescent. A lesson for plant breeders. In: S. B. Brush (Ed.), Genes in the Field, On-farm Conservation of Crop Diversity, Int. Plant Gen. Res. Institute, International Developmet Research Center, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, London, New York, Washington, D.C., pp. 51-76
Chen G, Li C, Shi Y & Nevo E (2008). Wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, a genetic resource for crop improvement in cold and arid regions. Science in Cold and Arid Regions 1: 115-124
Cherif M, Chaouachi D, Feriani W & Rezgui S (2012). Resistance to wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum, H. marinum, and H. murinum) to Pyrenophora teres and Rhynchosporium secalis causing net blotch and scald diseases in Tunisia. International Journal of Plant Breeding 6(2): 89-94
Çelik E & Karakaya A (2017). Yabani arpa (Hordeum spontaneum) ve hastalıklara dayanıklılık. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 22: 65- 86
Düşünceli F, Çetin L, Albustan S, Mert Z, Akan K & Karakaya A (2008). Determination of the reactions of some barley cultivars and genotypes to scald under greenhouse and field conditions. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 14(1): 46-50
El-Ahmed A M (1981). Seedling reaction of the 7th IBON to R. secalis in the greenhouse and source of resistance. Barley Diseases and Associated Breeding Methodology Workshop. Rabat, Morocco
Ellis R P, Forster B P, Robinson D, Handley L L, Gordon D C, Russell J R & Powell W (2000). Wild barley: a source of genes for crop improvement in the 21st century? Journal of Experimental Botany 51(342): 9-17
Ergün N, Aydoğan S, Sayim İ, Karakaya A & Çelik Oğuz A (2017). Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) köy çeşitlerinde tane verimi ve bazı tarımsal özelliklerin incelenmesi. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 26(2): 180-189
Eshetu B (1985). A review of research on diseases of barley, tef and wheat in Ethiopia. In: A. Tsedeke (Ed.), A Review of Crop Protection Research in Ethiopia. Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, pp. 79-108
Karakaya A, Mert Z, Çelik Oğuz A, Azamparsa M R, Çelik E, Akan K & Çetin L (2014). Current status of scald and net blotch diseases of barley in Turkey. In: Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Barley Leaf Diseases, June 3-6, Salsomaggiore Terme, Italy, pp. 31 Karakaya A, Mert Z, Çelik Oğuz A, Ertaş M N & Karagöz A (2016). Determination of the diseases occurring on naturally growing wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) field populations. Works of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo 61, 66/1: 291-295
Kün E (1996). Tahıllar-1 (Serin İklim Tahılları). Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları,Yayın No: 1451. Ankara
Mert Z & Karakaya A (2004). Assessment of the seedling reactions of Turkish barley cultivars to scald. Journal of Phytopathology 152: 190-192
Mert Z, Karakaya A, Çelik Oğuz A, Azamparsa M R, Ergün N & Sayim İ (2014). Field evaluation of some Turkish barley landraces to scald and net blotch of barley. In: Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Barley Leaf Diseases, June 3-6, Salsomaggiore Terme, Italy, pp. 64
Pickering R & Johnston P A (2005). Recent progress in barley improvement using wild species of Hordeum. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 109: 344-349
Sheikh Jabbari J (2008). Molecular characterisation of differentially expressed genes in the interaction of barley and Rhynchosporium secalis. PhD Thesis. University of Adelaide, Australia Shipton W A, Boyd W J R & Ali S M (1974). Scald of barley. Review of Plant Pathology 53: 839-861
Silvar C, Casas A M, Kopahnke D, Habekub A, Schweizer G, Gracia M P, Lasa J M, Ciudad F J, Molina-Cano J L, Igartua E & Ordon F (2010). Screening the Spanish barley core collection for disease resistance. Plant Breeding 129(1): 45-52
Yitbarek S, Berhane L, Fikadu A, Van Leour J A G, Grando S & Ceccarelli S (1998). Variation in Ethiopian barley landrace populations for resistance to barley leaf scald and net blotch. Plant Breeding 117: 419-423
Zaffarano P L, McDonald B A & Linde C C (2011). Two new species of Rhynchosporium. Mycologia 103(1): 195-202
Zencirci N & Hayes P M (1990). Effects of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) on yield and yield components of twelve winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 19(3): 119-132
Zhang Q, Webster R K, Crandall B A, Jackson L F & Saghai Maroof M A (1992). Race composition and pathogenicity associations of Rhynchosporium secalis in California. Phytopathology 82: 798-803