Analyzing variation of sediment yields in wet and Drought years

Bu çalışma meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kuraklığın küçük bir kırsal havzada, Kuzey Orta Anadolu Bölgesi Tokat İli Uğrak Havzası, sediment verimi üzerine etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sediment verimi Modifiye Üniversal Toprak Kaybı Eşitliği (MUSLE) denklemi kullanılarak 25 yıllık bir dönem için tahmin edilmiştir. En fazla ve en az sediment verimi sırasıyla 1980 ve 1997 yıllarında hesaplanmıştır. Meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kuraklık, tarihsel yağış ve akış verileri kullanılarak Standardize Edilmiş Yağış İndeksi (SPI) ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma süresinin 10 yılı meteorolojik olarak kurak ve 15 yılı yağışlı geçerken, hidrolojik olarak 14 yılı kurak, 11 yılı yağışlı geçmiştir. Meteorolojik olarak kurak ve yağışlı yıllarda sediment verimi sırasıyla 6920.7 ton ve 18068.2 ton olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hidrolojik olarak kurak ve yağışlı yıllarda sediment verimi sırasıyla 7417.8 ton ve 21489.2 ton olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan sediment verimi, meteorolojik ve hidrolojik yağışlı ve aynı zamanda meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kurak şartlar altında benzer bulunmuştur. Kuraklık, çalışma alanındaki sediment verimini düşürmüştür.

Yağışlı ve kurak yıllarda sediment veriminin değişim analizi

This study presents meteorological and hydrologic drought effects on sediment yield in a small rural basin, Uğrak Watershed in Tokat Region of North Central Anatolia, Turkey. Sediment yield was estimated by using Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) model for 25 years period. The maximum and minimum sediment yields were estimated in 1980 and 1997 respectively. Historical precipitation and flow data were analyzed to determine meteorological and hydrological drought by Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method. Results showed that there was 10-year drought vs. 15-year wet for meteorological and 14-year drought vs. 11-year wet for hydrological conditions. In the meteorologically drought and wet years, the sediment yields were estimated as 6920.7 tons and 18068.2 tons, respectively. In the hydrological dry and wet years, the sediment yields were estimated as 7417.8 tons and 21489.2 tons, respectively. Sediment yields were found similar in meteorological and hydrological wet and also similar in meteorological and hydrological dry conditions. Drought reduced the sediment yield in the study area.

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