Türkiye'de 1980 - 2009 arasında tescil edilmis bazı pamuk çesitlerinde lif kalite özellikleri yönünden genetik ilerlemenin belirlenmesi

Pamuk ıslah programlarında, lif kalitesinin arttırılması öncelikli konulardan biridir. Bu nedenle, lif kalite özelliklerinde meydana gelen genetik ilerlemenin yönü ve oranının tahmin edilmesi ve bu özellikler arasındaki ikili iliskilerin belirlenmesi, ileride yapılacak ıslah çalısmalarının planlanması yönünden büyük önem tasımaktadır. Bu çalısmada, 1980 ile 2009 yılları arasında Türkiyede tescil edilmis kırk dört pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) çesidi kullanılmıstır. Çalısma sonucunda, incelenen her bir lif kalite özelligi yönünden çesitler arasında genis bir genetik varyasyon oldugu saptanmıstır. Belirtilen 30 yıllık dönemde pamuk ıslah çalısmalarında, incelenen lif egrilebilme yetenegi, lif uzunlugu, lif yeksenaklıgı, kısa lif oranı, lif mukavemeti ve lif inceligi özellikleri yönünden sırasıyla toplam % 32,69, % 7,99, % 2,96, % -39,66, % 21,07 ve % -12,59 oranında ve olumlu yönde genetik ilerleme oldugunu belirlenmistir. ncelenen özellikler arası iliskiler degerlendirildiginde, lif egrilebilme yetenegi, lif uzunlugu, lif mukavemeti ve lif yeksenaklıgı özelliklerinin birbirleri ile aralarında önemli oranda pozitif korelasyon oldugu belirlenmistir. Bununla birlikte, lif inceligi ve kısa lif oranı özelliklerinin ise anılan bu özelliklerle aralarında negatif korelasyon oldugu saptanmıstır. Bu durum, anılan 6 lif kalite özelliginin birlikte gelistirilebilecegini isaret etmektedir.

Determination of genetic improvement on fiber quality traits in some cotton cultivars released between 1980 and 2009 in Turkey

Improvement of fiber quality is one of the priority themes in cotton breeding programs. Therefore, aspect of genetic progress, their rate and determination of correlation among fiber quality traits have an important role for planning future cotton breeding strategies. In this study, forty four cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, released between 1980 and 2009 in Turkey, were evaluated. High genetic variation was determined among cultivars for the investigated fiber quality traits. During the thirty years of cotton breeding studies, favorable genetic improvements were determined for 32,69 % spinning consistency index, 7,99 % fiber length, 2,96 % fiber uniformity, -39,66 % short fiber content, 21,07 % fiber strength and -12,59 % fiber fineness traits. Among the investigated traits, spinning consistency index, fiber length, fiber strength and fiber uniformity were positively correlated with each other. However, short fiber content and fiber fineness were negatively correlated with the above mentioned 4 fiber quality traits. This result indicated that aforesaid 6 fiber quality traits can be improved simultaneously.

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