L-Karnitin Depresyon Üzerinde Etkili Midir?

Özet Karnitin hem endojen biyosentez yoluyla vücutta sentezlenmekte hem de günlük diyetle besinlerden alınmaktadır. Karnitin, serbest karnitin ve asilkarnitinler olarak vücutta bulunmaktadır. Karnitin uzun zincirli yağ asitlerinin β-oksidasyonu için mitokondriye taşıyıcı olarak görev yapmaktadır. Karnitin karboksilik asitler ile ester oluşturma yeteneğinden dolayı diğer metabolitlerin taşınmasında da önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca karnitin nörotransmitterlerin aktivitesini modüle ederek sinir sisteminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Depresyon yaşam kalitesinin büyük ölçüde azalması, artmış fiziksel komorbiditeler ve artmış mortalite ile ilişkili bir bozukluktur. Depresyonlu bireylerde yağ asitleri ve lipit metabolizması değişikliklerinin oluştuğu bildirilmiştir. Bu nedenle karnitinin, sinir dokularındaki çeşitli nörotrofik faktörlerin, hücre zarlarının, lipid metabolizmasının ve nörotransmitterlerin aktivitesini modüle ettiği düşünüldüğünde, depresyon tedavisinde karnitin takviyesinin antidepresanlara alternatif tedavi edici ajan olarak potansiyel bir rolü olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Karnitin beyinde yaygın olarak bulunmakta ve kolinerjik reseptörler üzerinde uyarıcı etki göstermektedir. Ayrıca karnitin nöromodülatör etki göstererek dopamin salınımının artmasını ve gama-aminobutirik asidin artmasını sağlamaktadır. Karnitin sinir sisteminde antioksidan ve nörotrofik etki göstermektedir. Hayvan ve insan modelli klinik çalışmalarda depresyon üzerinde karnitinin olumlu etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Karnitin takviyesinin antidepresan ve nörotrofik etkilerinden dolayı depresyon tedavisinde etkin rolü olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antidepresan Etki, Depresyon, Karnitin

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