Yağ Gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.)'nde Tepe Boşluğu Katı Faz Mikro Ekstraksiyonu (HS- SPME) ve Konvansiyonel Su Distilasyonu Yöntemleri ile Elde Edilen Uçucu Bileşenlerin Karşılaştırılması

Yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kendine özgü doğal koku bileşenleri nedeniyle parfüm ve kozmetik endüstrisinde değerlendirilen en önemli kokulu gül türüdür. Bu araştırmada, taze yağ gülü çiçeklerinin sepal (çanak yaprak), petal (taç yaprak), stamen (erkek organ) ve pistil (dişi organ) olarak ayrılan kısımlarının uçucu bileşenleri gaz kromatografisi/kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS) ile kombine edilmiş Tepe Boşluğu-Katı Faz Mikro Ekstraksiyon (HS-SPME) tekniği ile tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca taze yağ gülü çiçekleri konvansiyonel hidro-Clevenger su distilasyonu yöntemi ile damıtılmış, elde edilen uçucu yağların bileşenleri GC-MS ile belirlendikten sonra HS-SPME sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. HS-SPME yönteminin yağ gülünde uçucu bileşenleri analizinde oldukça hassas ve etkili olduğu anlaşılmış, bir yağ gülü çiçeğinin farklı kısımların farklı koku bileşenlerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca su distilasyonu ile elde edilen gül yağının uçucu yağ bileşenlerinin çiçeğin doğal koku bileşenlerinden farklı olduğu ve distilasyon sürecinde önemli bazı bileşenlerde değişimler ve kayıplar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Taze gül çiçeğinin en önemli bileşeni olan feniletil alkol çiçeğin en fazla pembe renkli petallerinde (taç yapraklarında), gül yağında varlığı istenmeyen metil öjenol ise çiçeğin en fazla stamenlerinde (erkek organlarında) bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.

Comparison of Volatile Compounds using Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction (HSSPME) and Conventional Hydro-distillation Method in Oil-bearing Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.)

Oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is one of the most strongly scented rose species, having characteristic floral scent compounds, which is used in the fragrance and cosmetic industries. In this research, floral scent compounds of the fresh oil-bearing rose flower divided into sections such as sepal, petal, stamen and pistil were detected by using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). And also scent compounds of essential oils distilled from fresh rose flowers by using a conventional Clevenger type hydro-distillation apparatus were detected by GC-MS to make comparison with HS-SPME results. The findings indicated that the HSSPME was sensitive and effective for the analysis of floral scent compounds of oilbearing rose flower that's each section had different scent composition. The scent compositions of the rose oil obtained by hydro-distillation were different than floral scent composition of the fresh rose flowers. This result pointed out that hydro-distillation caused the loss of some floral scent compounds of oil-bearing rose flower. Other important findings were that phenyl ethyl alcohol, the main scent compound of the fresh rose flower, was found especially in the pink flower petals, and methyl eugenol, an undesirable compound of rose oil, was found especially in the flower stamens.

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