Termal ve Kimyasal Önişlemlerin Atıksu Çamuru ve Şeker Pancarı Küspesi Karışımından Biyogaz Eldesindeki Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada, evsel atık suların arıtılması sonrası oluşan arıtma çamuru ve şeker fabrikalarından atık olarak çıkan şeker pancarı küspesi kullanılarak biyogaz üretim düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Bu maddelerden biyogaz üretim veriminin arttırılması için termal ve kimyasal önişlemlerin etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada 30 gün süreyle mezofilik şartlarda anaerobik işlem uygulanmış, biyogaz üretim düzeyleri ve biyogaz içindeki metan oranları ölçülmüştür. Önişlem uygulanmamış şeker pancarı küspesinden metan üretim düzeyleri 84 L/kg UKM (uçucu katı madde) olarak gerçekleşirken, önişlem uygulanmamış arıtma çamuru 67 L/kg UKM düzeyinde metan üretmiştir. Şeker pancarı küspesi ve arıtma çamuru birlikte hammadde olarak kullanıldığında ise metan üretim düzeyi 103 L/kg UKM olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Şeker pancarı küspesi ve arıtma çamuru karışımlarına termal ve kimyasal (O3 ve NaOH) ön işlemler uygulanmıştır. Termal ön işlemli karışımın metan üretim düzeyi 116 L/kg UKM, NaOH ile önişlem uygulanmış karışımın metan üretim düzeyi 99 L/kg UKM ve ozon ile önişlem uygulanmış karışımın metan üretim düzeyi ise 133 L/kg UKM olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kimyasal ve termal önişlemlerin atıklardan biyogaz eldesini arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Hammaddelere uygulanan önişlemler organik maddenin daha kolay bozunabilir hale gelmesini sağlamış, böylece daha yüksek biyogaz üretimi gerçekleşmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyogaz, Kimyasal önişlem, Termal önişlem, Şeker pancarı küspesi, Arıtma çamuru

Determination of the Effects of Thermal and Chemical Pretreatment on Biogas Production from Sewage Sludge and Sugar Beet Pulp

In this study, biogas production from sugar beet pulp and sewage sludge was examined. In order to increase the efficiency of biogas production from these materials, the effects of thermal and chemical pretreatments were evaluated. During the study, anaerobic treatment was carried out under mesophilic condition for 30 days. Biogas production levels and methane contents in biogas were measured daily. The sewage sludge produced methane at the level of 67 L/kg VS (volatile solids) without pretreatment, while the methane production from the sugar beet pulp without pretreatment was 84 L/kg VS. When sugar beet pulp and wastewater sludge were used together as raw materials, the production level of methane was 103 L/kg VS. Thermal and chemical (O3 and NaOH) pretreatments were applied to sugar beet pulp and sewage sludge mixtures. The methane production level of the mixture with thermal pretreatment was 116 L/kg VS, the methane production level with basic pretreatment with NaOH was 99 L/kg VS and the methane production level of the mixture subjected to ozone pretreatment was 133 L/kg VS. As a result, chemical and thermal pretreatments were found to increase biogas production from waste materials. Pretreatments applied to raw materials converted the organic material to more degradable forms and higher biogas yields were obtained.

Keywords:

Biogas, Chemical pretreatment, Thermal pretreatment, Sugar beet pulp, Wastewater sludge,

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