Bekir ÇAR, Aziz Onurhan AHRAZ, Caner CENGİZ

FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTENİN ARTTIRILMASINA YÖNELİK DİJİTAL TEKNOLOJİLER HAKKINDA LİTERATÜR TARAMASI: 2010-2020

Dünya sağlık örgütünün (2018), verilerine göre; pek çok ergen günlük en az 60 dakika orta ve yüksek şiddetli fiziksel aktivite (MVPA), yapılmasını öngören tavsiyeleri yerine getirmekte zorlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla; MVPA seviyesi çocukluktan ergenliğe, ergenlikten erken yetişkinliğe kadar %17 oranında ek bir düşüş göstermektedir. Teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte; fiziksel aktivitenin azalması ve teknolojinin beden gücü ile yapılan pek çok işi devralması ile birlikte sağlıklı bir yaşam için spor ve düzenli egzersizler önem kazanmıştır. Bu kapsamda özellikle son yıllarda; teknoloji tabanlı fiziksel aktivite uygulamaları günden güne yaygınlaşmaktadır. Lupton (2017) yaklaşık 4 yıl önce; sağlık, diyet ve egzersiz konularına odaklanan büyük uygulama mağazalarında şu anda 160.000' den fazla sağlık uygulaması bulunduğunu ifade etmiştir. Bu tür uygulamalar geneli itibariyle web-tabanlı girişimler, spor aplikasyonları, giyilebilir saatleri aktivite takip eden cihazlar (activity tracker), giyilebilir diğer cihazlar, online uygulama toplulukları olarak sosyal medya platformları gibi çeşitlenmektedir. Ancak; bu tür teknoloji tabanlı fiziksel aktivite, sağlıklı yaşam, beslenme, iyileştirme(rehabilitasyon) uygulamaları ülkemizde henüz Avrupa ve gelişmiş ülkeler ile kıyaslandığında yeterince yaygınlaşmamıştır. Bunun bir sonucu olarak ülkemizde yapılan bu alandaki akademik çalışmalarda da ciddi eksiklikler bulunmaktadır. Bu tür uygulamaların; kişiler üzerindeki kısa, orta ve uzun vadeli etkileri, kullandıkları özellikleri gibi detaylar hakkında akademik literatürde eksiklikler bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma Fiziksel Aktivitenin Arttırılmasına Yönelik Dijital Teknolojiler Hakkında 2010-2020 yılları arasında İngilizce yayınlaşmış literatürün taranması ve öne çıkan yayınların incelenmesini içermektedir. Bu kapsamda 14 çalışma ele alınmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde; alanın hala gelişmekte olduğu, araştırmacılar tarafından bulunan sonuçların çelişkili olduğu, yetişkin bireylere odaklanıldığı ve özel eğitimli bireylere yönelik teknoloji tabanlı uygulamalarda eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fiziksel aktivite, dijital teknolojiler, teknoloji tabanlı uygulama

LITERATURE REWIEW ABOUT DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR INCREASING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: 2010 – 2020

According to the data of the World Health Organization (2018); many adolescents find it difficult to follow recommendations for at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorious physical activity (MVPA) daily. Accordingly; the MVPA level shows an additional decrease of 17% from childhood to adolescence, from adolescence to early adulthood. Along with technological developments; with the decrease in physical activity and technology taking over many work done with body strength, sports and / or regular exercises have gained importance for a healthy life. In this context, especially in recent years; technology-based physical activity applications are becoming widespread. Lupton (2017) state about 4 years ago that there are currently more than 160,000 health apps in major app stores that focus on health, diet and exercise. Such applications are generally diversified such as web-based initiatives, sports applications, wearable watches, activity trackers, other wearable devices, and social media platforms as online application communities. Such technology-based physical activity, healthy living, nutrition, rehabilitation practices are not yet widespread in our country when compared to Europe and developed countries. As a result of this, there are serious deficiencies in academic studies in this field in our country. There are large gaps in the academic literature regarding the efficiency of such applications, short, medium and long term effects on individuals, the characteristics they use, and the side effects. Therefore; This study includes the review of the literature published in English between 2010-2020 on Digital Technologies for Increasing Physical Activity and the review of the prominent publications. In this context, 14 studies were evaluated. As a result of the research; it has been found that the area is still developing, and the results found by the researchers are often contradictory. The vast majority of research focuses on adult individuals. Technology-based applications and academic studies to enhancing physical activity levels of disabled individuals are very rare.

Keywords:

Physical activity, digital technologies, technology based application,

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