Özgür ÖZKAYA, Görkem Aybars BALCI, Muzaffer ÇOLAKOĞLU

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Matematiksel Kritik Eşik Kavramı

Direnç egzersizlerinde kritik tork (KT) ve bu değerin zaman-tork hiperbolik modelindeki eğim sabitini veren anaerobik iş kapasitesi (T’), egzersiz şiddeti ve bitkinlik süresi arasındaki ters ilişkiyi ortaya koymuştur. Sonraki yıllarda, bu parametrelerin büyük kas gruplarının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen egzersizlere uyarlanmasıyla kritik güç (KG) ve kritik hız (KH) ile bu kriterlere ait fonksiyonlar (sırasıyla W’ ve D’) tanımlanmıştır. Bu kavramlar “kritik bir metabolik oran” olarak bilinen kritik eşik (KE) değerini verir. Matematiksel temelli bu KE, “yorgunluk oluşmadan uzun süreler devam ettirilebilen en yüksek oran” olarak değeridir. Bu değer “VO2’de halen denge görülen (≤2,1 ml O2 dk-1·kg-1 değişim) en yüksek egzersiz şiddeti” olarak fizyolojik bir temele oturtulmuştur. Dolayısıyla KE, çok ağırdan (-very heavy) şiddetli (-severe) egzersiz alanına geçişin sınırı olarak kabul edilir. KE belirlemede kullanılan sabit şiddetli egzersiz sayıları genellikle üç ile yedi arasında değişir. Güvenilir ve geçerli bir KE tahmin etmede seçilecek egzersiz şiddetlerinin, 1-2 dakikadan 10-12 dakikaya değişen sürelerde bitkinlik yaratacak düzeylerde olması gerekir. Ancak matematiksel teorilerle açıklanan KE bir miktar düşük geçerliliğe sahip bir performans bileşenidir. KE üzeri egzersiz şiddetlerinde bitkinliğe kadar VO2’de izlenen yavaş komponentin her durumda VO2maks ile sonlanmayabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu derleme, ilgili kavramların teorik ve pratik temellerini açıkladıktan sonra, gerçek bir kritik eşik belirlemenin inceliklerini aktarmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

VO2’de denge, yavaş komponent

Mathematical Critical Threshold Concepts

Critical torque during resistance trainings and itsasymptotic slope constant of time-torque hyperbolicequation as anaerobic work capacity (T’), manifestedan inverse relationship between exercise intensityand time limit. In the following years, by meansof the adaptations of these parameters to exercisesperformed with large muscle involvements, criticalpower, critical velocity, and their mathematical functionswere identified as W’ and D’. Those conceptshave given critical threshold (CT) known as a “criticalmetabolic rate”. Mathematically based CT is identifiedas “the highest rate that can be sustained for a verylong time without fatigue”. CT has been based upon aphysiological basis by “the highest exercise intensitythat can be remained a stable O2”. Thereby, CT representsa boundary that separates exercise intensity domainsbetween very heavy and severe. The number ofconstant-intensity exhausted exercises to define theCT mostly vary between three and seven. A numberof exercises within the severe zone that can be causedexhaustion within 1-2 to 10-12 minutes, should be adjustedin order to evaluate a reliable and valid CT. On theother hand, mathematically based CT as a performancecriterion has a lack of accuracy. It was shown thatslow component of O2 may not always reach to O2maxvia exercises to volitional exhaustion performed withsupra-critical threshold. This review was prepared to explain theoretical and practical bases of the criticalthreshold and then, to clarify key points to detect a realcritical threshold.
Keywords:

VO2 Steady-state, Slow component.,

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Spor Bilimleri Dergisi-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 1990
  • Yayıncı: Süleyman BULUT
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