Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde Kamu Harcamaları Yakınsıyor Mu? Kulüp Yakınsama Üzerine Kanıtlar

Avrupa Birliği içerisinde inşa edilen Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik, Avrupa’da tek pazar sistemi anlayışının benimsenmesini, ortak para biriminin kullanılmasını ve uygulanan maliye politikaları aracılığıyla üye ülkelerin benzer kamu harcama düzeylerine sahip olmalarını hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışma, ülkeler arasındaki heterojenliği hesaba katan kulüp yakınsaması yaklaşımını kullanarak AB üye ülkeleri arasında toplam kamu harcamaları ve fonksiyonel sınıflandırmaya göre harcama alt bileşenlerinin yakınsamasını incelemektedir. Toplam kamu harcamalarına göre, üye ülkelerin birbirine yakınsayan dört alt kulüp ve yakınsamayan bir grup altında toplandığı sonucu elde edilmiştir. Fonksiyonel sınıflandırma bulgularına göre, iskân ve toplum refahı ile dinlenme, kültür ve din hizmetlerine ilişkin harcamalarda üye ülkelerin birbirine yakınsadığı; buna karşın diğer bileşenler bağlamında ise farklı kulüpler altında toplandığı bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bu bulgular, üye ülkelerin kamu harcamaları bakımından farklı geçiş yollarına sahip olduklarını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kulüp Yakınsama Yaklaşımı, Log-t Testi, Kamu Harcamaları, AB Üyesi Ülkeler

Do The Public Expenditures Convergence in European Union Member States? Evidence From Club Convergence

The Economic and Monetary Union, established within the European Union, aims to create a single market system, use a common currency across Europe, and achieve similar levels of public spending via implemented fiscal policies in member states. This study examines the convergence of total public expenditures and their sub-components by functional classifications across EU member states using the club convergence approach, which accounts for heterogeneity across countries. According to the total public expenditures, it has been found that member countries form four converging sub-clubs and one non-converging group. According to the functional classification findings, it has been found that member countries have converged in housing and community services expenditures and recreation, culture, and religious services expenditures, despite that they have grouped under different clubs in terms of other components. These findings indicate that member countries have different transition paths according to their public expenditures.

Keywords:

Club Convergence Approach, Log-t Test, Public Expenditures, EU Member States,

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