Hava Taşımacılığında Kârlılığı Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel havayolu şirketlerinin iç ve dış çevresel faktörlerinin kârlılık üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmektir. Toplamda dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde faaliyet gösteren 17 havayolu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Havayollarının kârlılığını etkileyen içsel faktörler olarak yolcu yük faktörü, kargo ton-km ve destinasyon sayısı seçilmiştir. Kârlılığı etkileyen dış çevresel faktörler olarak GSYİH, petrol fiyatları ve döviz kuru rakamları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Panel ARDL analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın modelinde tüm değişkenler bölünmeden birlikte analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak seçilen tüm değişkenlerin havayolu karlılığı üzerinde etkisinin olduğu, ayrıca dış çevre faktörlerinin kârlılık üzerindeki etkisinin daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Havayolu Taşımacılığı, Kârlılık, İçsel Faktörler, Dış Çevre, Panel Veri Analizi

An Empirical Research on The Factors Affecting Profitability in Air Transportation

This study aims to analyse the impact of traditional airline companies' internal and external environmental factors on profitability. In total, 17 airlines operating in different regions were included in the study. Passenger load factor, cargo ton-km and the number of destinations were chosen as internal factors affecting the profitability of airlines. GDP, oil prices and exchange rate figures were external environmental factors affecting profitability. Panel ARDL analysis method was used in the study. In the model of the study, all variables were analysed together without division. All selected variables have been observed to affect airline profitability, and the effect of external environmental factors on profitability is more significant.

Keywords:

Airline Transportation, Profitability, Internal Factors, External Environment, Panel Data Analysis,

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