Article considered military action XVII century, when South Siberia became included in the interests of the Russian state and covers developments genetically related to hostilities, they have led to population decline. Keywords: Yenisei kirghiz, servicemen, military garrisons, voivodes, dzhungars, Altyn-khans, hostilities. Keywords: Yenisei kirghiz, servicemen, military garrisons, voivodes, dzhungars, Altyn-khans, hostilities.