Nahid HAZRATİ, Saime ÜNVER İKİNCİKARAKAYA, Mohammad HASANZADEH

Studies on İdentification of the Drought Tolerant Genes of Wheat

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is known as the base food staple resource. With increasing the human population, new methods and approaches are needed to gain wheat cultivars with advanced characteristics. Nowadays, the problem is to produce high quality and yielding cultivars. Breeding of tolerant cultivars against biotic and abiotic stresses is desired.Drought stress, appears as water loss from the plant during the definite time, which is higher than the absorbed water by plant from the environment. Drought stress is expected to increase as the most important stress factor in the future due to the climate changes which is being evident from now. Lower cell growth would lead to the deficit in cell wall synthesis and thereby, to the unexpanded leaves and lowering the photosynthetic assimilates. Under drought stress, seed germination potential declines, and chlorophyll and protein synthesis, photosynthesis, and respiration is negatively affected.In winter wheat, resistance against drought stress is controlled by complex morphologic and physiologic mechanisms. In the recent century, despite of using classic breeding methods and gaining the high quality yielding cultivars, desirable tolerance towards environmental abiotic and biotic stresses mainly disease and pests, has not been achieved. In this study, some mechanisms of drought tolerance in wheat were considered.

Keywords:

Drought tolerans Plant breeding, QTL, Transgenic wheat,

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