Determining the Effectiveness of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Increasing the Resistance of Vetch against Different Doses of Nickel
Determining the Effectiveness of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Increasing the Resistance of Vetch against Different Doses of Nickel
In the present study, the effect of different doses of Ni application on certain growth parameters and nickel accumulation was investigated in vetch (Vicia sativa) plant. In the study, which was carried out as a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions, Ni was applied to vetch plant at doses of 0-25-50 mg Ni kg-1. In the study, it was also investigated whether mycorrhizal inoculation, which is known to be effective in increasing the resistance of plants against heavy metal toxicity, had an effect on increasing the resistance of vetch.For this purpose, Glomus mosseae type mycorrhiza in the form of mycorrhiza (+) and mycorrhiza (-) was inoculated as 500 spores per pot during sowing. In the experiment that was carried out under controlled conditions in sand culture, Hoagland solution was regularly given to the plants.Plant height measurements were taken for 4 weeks during the experiment. Furthermore, chlorophyll content, plant shoot and root weight (g), single root weight (g), root length (m g-1 root), leaf relative water content (%), the amount of CO2 released from the growth medium, inoculation rate in the plant roots and hypha (%), vesicle and arbuscle numbers and also the plant shoot Ni content values were determined in the plants that were harvested at the beginning of flowering. According to the variance analyses conducted on the data obtained as the result of the study, it was found out that mycorrhizal inoculation did not have an effect on the given parameters, nickel negatively affected plant development but this state was not found to be statistically significant.
Keywords:
Vetch (Vicia sativa), nickel mycorrhiza, inoculation,
___
- Barrs HD, Weatherley PE (1962). A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficit in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 15:413-428.
- Chaudhry TM, Hill L, Khan AG, Kuek C (1999). Colo-nization of iron and zinc-contaminated dumped ltercake waste by microbes, plants and associated mycorrhizae. In: Wong, M.H., Wong, J.W.C., Baker, A.J.M. (Eds.), Remediation and Manage-ment of Degraded Land. CRC Press LLC, Boca Ra-ton, Chap. 27, pp. 275-283.
- Duek TA, Visser P, Ernst WHO, Schat H (1986). Vesic-ular-arbuscular mycorrhizae decrease zinc toxicity to grasses growing in zinc-polluted soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 18:331-333.
- El-Kherbawy M, Angle JS, Heggo A, Chaney RL (1989). Soil pH, rhizobia and vesicular mycorrhizae inoculum effects on growth and heavy metal up-take of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Biology and Fertility of Soils 8:61–65.
- Galli U, Schuepp H, Brunold C (1994). Heavy metal binding by mycorrhizal fungi. Physiol. Plantarum 92: 364-368.
- Gerdeman JW, Nicolson TH (1963). Spores of Mychor-riza Endogene Species. Extracted from Soil by Weh Sieving and Decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46: 235-244.
- Giovanneti M, Mosse B (1980). An Evaluation of Techniques for Measuring Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Infection in Roots. New Phytologist 84: 489-500.
- Gother V, Paszkowski U (2006). Contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to heavy metal phytoremediation. Planta 223: 1115-111.
- Hrishikesh U, Panda SK, Bhattacharjee MK, Duttal S (2010). Role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in heavy metal tolerance in plants: prospects for phy-toremidiation. Journal of Phytolog 2(7): 16–27.
- Isermeyer H (1952). Eine Einfache Methode zur Be-stimmung der Karbonate im Boden, Z. Pflanzenern, Düng, Bodenkunde, 105-107.
- Jamal A, Ayub N, Usman M, Khan, AG (2002). Arbus-cular mycorrhizal fungi enhance zinc and nickel uptake from contaminated soil by soybean and lentil. International Journal Phytoremediation 4(3):205-221.
- Ker K, Charest C (2010). Nickel remediation by AM-colonized sunflower. Mycorrhiza 20: 399–406.
- Koske RE, Gemma JN (1989). A modified prodecure for staing roots to detect VAM. Mycological Re-search 92: 486-505.
- Liao JP, Lin XG, Cao ZH, Shi YQ, Wong MH (2003). Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizae and heavy metals under sand culture experiment. Chemosphere 50: 847–853.
- Minguzzi C, Vergnano O (1948). II contenuto di nichel nelle ceneri di Alyssum bertolonii. Desv. Memorie Società Toscana Di Scienze Naturali Serie A 55: 49–77.
- Ouziad F, Hildebrandt U, Schmelzer E, Bothe H (2005). Differential gene expressions in arbuscular mycorrhizal colonized tomato grown under heavy metal stress. Journal of Plant Physiology 162:634–649.
- Pawlowska TE, Blaszkowski J, Ruhling A (1996). The mycorrhizal status of plants colonizing a calamine spoil mound in southern Poland. Mycorrhiza 6: 499-505.
- Quilambo OA (2003). The vesicular-arbuscular mycor-rhizal symbiosis. African Journal of Biotechnology 2 (12): 539-546.
- Raju PS, Clark RB, Ellis JR, Maranville JW (1990). Effects of species of VA mycorrhizal fungi on growth and mineral uptake of sorghum at different temperatures. Plant and Soil 121:165–170.
- Raman N, Nagarajan N, Gopinathan S, Sambandan K (1993). Mycorrhizal status of plant species colo-nizing a magnesite mine spoil in India. Biology and Fertility of Soils 16:76-78.
- Raman N, Sambandan S (1998). Distribution of VAM fungi in tannery e.uent polluted soils of Tamil Na-du, India. Bulletin of Environmental Contamina-tion and Toxicology 60: 142-150.
- Rivera-Becerril F, Calantzis C, Turnau K (2002). Cad-mium accumulation and buffering of cadmium-induced stress by arbuscular mycorrhiza in three Pisum sativum L. genotypes. Journal of Experi-mental Botany 53: 1177-1185.
- Salt DE, Blaylock M, Kumar PBN, Dushenkov E, Ensley BB, Chet I, Raskin I (1995). Phytoremeda-tion: A noble strategy for the removal of toxic met-als from the environment using plants. Biotechnol-ogy 13: 468 – 474.
- Shen H, Christie P, Li X (2006). Uptake of zinc, cadmi-um and phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize (Zea mays L.)from a low available phospho-rus calcareous soil spiked with zinc and cadmium. Environ Geochem Health 28: 111-119.
- Sieverding E (1991).Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza management intropical agrosystems. Technical Cooperation, Federal Repuplic of Germany Esch-born, ISBN 3-88085-462.
- Smith SE, Read D J (1997). Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press, San Deigo, California.
- Tennat D (1975). A test of modified line intersect method of estimating root length. Journal of Ecol-ogy 63:995-1001.
- Turnau K, Mesjasz-Przybylowicz J (2003). Arbuscular mycorrhiza of Berkheya coddii and other Ni-hyperaccumulating members of Asteraceae from ultramafic soils in South Africa. Mycorrhiza 13:185-190.
- Vivas A, Biro B, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Barea JM, Azcon R (2006). Two bacterial strains isolated from a Zn-polluted soil enhance plant growth and mycorrhizal efficiency under Zn-toxicity. Chemosphere 62: 1523–1533.
- Weissenhorn I, Leyval C (1995). Root colonization of maize by a Cd-sensitive and a Cd-tolerant Glomus mosseae and cadmium uptake in sand culture. Plant Soil 175: 233-238.
- Zhao ZW, Ren LC, Li T, Li JP (2003). Arbuscular my-corrhizas in the dry hot valley of Jinsha River. Acta Botanica Yunnanica 25:199–204.
- ISSN: 2458-8377
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 2002
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
The Effects of Varying Nitrogen Doses Some Yield Components of Nigella Sativa L.