Thermodynamic, thermoeconomic and environmental performance analyses of a commercial aircraft’s high bypass turbofan engine

Exergetic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental performance analyses of a commercial aircraft’s high bypass turbofan engine are studied to predict thermodynamic efficiency of whole engine, exergy cost flow of product and waste exergy, and the environmental damage cost formation of engine emissions emitted to environment. According to this study, the GE90-115 high bypass turbofan engine produces 324.59 GJ/h-kinetic exergy rate while it burns 4.104 kg/s Jet-A fuel. The energy and exergy efficiency values of the engine are estimated to be 51.00% and 48.05%. The fuel cost rate is calculated to be 9632.91 US$/h when the specific fuel exergy cost is found to be 14.24 US$/GJ. The specific product exergy cost is obtained to be 32.23 US$/GJ. However, the total environmental damage cost rate of engine emissions (UHC, CO and NOx) is accounted to be 4552.83 US$/h as long as the specific environmental damage cost is determined to be 14.02 US$/GJ. As a result, the specific exergoenvironmental cost is calculated to be 46.25 US$/GJ for Jet-A fuel.

PDF

___

I. Yılmaz , “Emissions from passenger aircraft at Kayseri Airport, Turkey”, Journal of Air Transport Management, vol. 58, pp. 176-182, 2017.

C.C. Chao, T.C. Lirn and H.C. Lin, “Indicators and evaluation model for analyzing environmental protection performance of airports”, Journal of Air Transport Management, vol. 63, pp. 61-70, 2017.

R. Parker, “From blue skies to green skies: engine technology to reduce the climate-change impacts of aviation”, Technol Anal Strateg Manage, vol. 21, pp. 61-78, 2009.

M. Kousoulidou and L. Lonza, “Biofuels in aviation: Fuel demand and CO2 emissions evolution in Europe toward 2030”, Transportation Research Part D, vol. 46, pp. 166–180, 2016.

S. Balku, “Analysis of combined cycle efficiency by simulation and optimization”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 148, pp. 174–183, 2017.

K. Coban, Y. Sohret, C.O. Colpan and T.H. Karakoc, “Exergetic and exergoeconomic assessment of a small-scale turbojet fuelled with biodiesel”, Energy, vol. 140, pp:1358- 1367.

M. Aghbashlo, M. Tabatabaei, P. Mohammadi, B. Khoshnevisan, M.A. Rajaeifar, M. Pakzad, “Neat diesel beats waste-oriented biodiesel from the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental point of views”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 148, pp. 1- 15. 2017.

U. Akbulut, Z. Utlu and O. Kincay, “Exergy, exergoenvironmental and exergoeconomic evaluation of a heat pump-integrated wall heating system”, Energy, vol. 107, pp. 502-522, 2016.

O. Balli and A. Hepbasli, “Exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of T56 turboprop engine”, Energy, vol. 64, pp. 582-600, 2014.

O. Balli, “Exergetic, exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of J85 turbojet engine with afterburner”, International Journal of Turbo&Jet Engine, ISSN (Online) 2191-0332, ISSN (Print) 0334-0082, 2017.

O. Turan, “Energy and entrophy analyses of an experimental turbojet engine for target drone application”, Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A: Applied Sciencies and Engineering, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 936-952, 2016.

Y. Sohret, S. Ekici, O. Altuntas, A. Hepbasli and T.H. Karakoc, “Exergy as a useful tool for the performance assessment of aircraft gas turbine engines: a key review”, Progress Aerospace Science, vol. 83, pp. 57–69, 2016.

O. Balli, “Advanced exergy analysis of a a turbofan engine (TFE): splitting exergy destruction into unavoidable/avoidable and endogenous/exogenous”, Internatinal Journal of Turbo&Jet Engine, ISSN (online):2191-0332, ISSN (Print): 0334-0082. 2017.

O. Balli, “Advanced exergy analyses of an aircraft turboprop engine (TPE)”, Energy, vol. 124, pp. 599-612, 2017.

O. Balli, “Afterburning effect on the energetic and exergetic performance of an experimental turbojet engine (TJE)”, International Journal of Exergy, vol.14, no.2, pp. 205-236, 2014.

K.H. Liew, E. Urip, S.L. Yang, J.D. Mattingly and C.J. Marek, “Performance cycle analysis of turbofan engine with interstage turbine burner”, Journal of Propulsion and Power, vol. 22, no.2, pp. 411–416, 2006.

O. Balli and A. Hepbasli, “Energetic and exergetic analyses of T56 turboprop engine”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol.73, pp. 106-120, 2013.

C.D. Rakopoulos and E.G. Giakoumis, “Secondlaw analyses applied to internal combustion engines operations”, Progress Energy and Combustion Sciences, vol. 32, pp. 2-47, 2006.

SAE, “Procedure for the analysis and evaluation Gaseous Emissions from Aircraft Engines”, SAE ARP1533 Rev A, SEA International, 2004

H. Aydin, O. Turan, T.H. Karakoc and A. Midilli, “ Component-based exergetic measures of the an experimental turboprop/turboshaft engine for propeller aircrafts and helicopters”, International Journal of Exergy, vol. 11, no.3, pp. 322-348, 2012.

S. Ekici, Y. Sohret, K. Coban, O. Altuntas and T.H. Karakoc, “Performance evaluation of an experimental turbojet engine”, International Journal Turbo&Jet Engines, ISSN (online):2191-0332, ISSN (Print): 0334-0082, 2016.

H. Aydin, O. Turan , T.H. Karakoc and A. Midilli, “Exergetic sustainability indicators as a tool in commercial aircraft: a case study for a turbofan engine”, International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 28-40, 2015

O. Balli, “Exergy modeling for evaluating sustainability level of a high by-pass turbofan engine used on commercial aircrafts”, Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 123, pp. 138–155, 2017.

C.T. Yücer, “Exergetic sustainability assessment of a gas turbine jet engine at part loads”, Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A: Applied Sciencies and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1018-1030, 2017.

M.K. Sahu, T. Coudhary, A. Kumari and R. Sanjay, “Thermodynamic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analysis of air cooled CT7-7A turboprop engine”, SAE Technical paper 2018-01-0774, SAE International, 2018.

O. Balli, H. Aras, N. Aras and A. Hepbasli, “Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of an Aircraft Jet Engine (AJE)”, International Journal of Exergy, vol.5, no. 5/6, pp.567–581, 2008.

H. Aydin, O. Turan, A. Midilli and T.H. Karakoc, “Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of a turboprop engine: A case study for CT7-9C”, International Journal of Exergy, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 69–82, 2012.

O. Altuntas, T.H. Karakoc and A. Hepbasli, “Exergetic, exergoeconomic and sustainability assessment of piston-prop aircraft engine”, International Journal of Thermal Science Technology, vol. 32, pp. 133–143, 2012.

A. Toffolo and A. Lazzaretto, “Evolutionary algorithms for multiobjective energetic and economic optimization in thermal system design”, Energy, vol. 27, pp. 549–567, 2002.

O. Balli, Y. Sohret and T.H. Karakoc, “Investigation of hydrogen fuel usage affects on exergetic and exergoeconomic performances of a turbojet engine”, ISBN:978-605-66381-4-5, 3rd International Hydrogen Technologies Congress (IHTEC-2018), 15-18 March 2018, Alanya, Turkey.

ECO-COSTS 2007. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) data on emissions and material depletion http://www.ecocostsvalue.com/EVR/model/the ory/subject/5-data.html, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.

www.geaviation.com/commercial/engines/ge90- engine, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.

http://www.deagel.com/Propulsionsystems/ GE90-115B_a001376002.aspx, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.

Turkish Airlines. Turkish Technic. http://www.turkishtechnic.com/services/engine _apu.html, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.

www.iata.org/publications/economics/fuelmonitor/ pages/price-analysis.aspx, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.

NPI (National Pollutant Inventory). (2003).Emissions estimation technique manual for aggregated emissions from aircrafts.Version 2.2, Published 25 march 2003 from Environment Australia. ISBN: 0642 548129, GPO Box 787, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, www.npi.gow.au, Accessed date: 05 April 2018.