SAĞLIK TEKNOLOJİİSİ DEĞERLENDİRMEDE FARKLI SAĞLIK TEKNOLOJİSİ TÜRLERİNİN AYIRT EDİCİ ÖZELLİKLERİ

Sağlık teknolojilerinin değerlendirilmesi sağlıkta politika belirleyiciler için karar vermeye yardımcı bir araçtır. Bu değerlendirmeler sayesinde sağlıkta yeni teknolojilerin kalite, güvenlik, maliyet ve etkinlik bakımından karşılaştırılması mümkün olmaktadır. Sağlık teknolojisi değerlendirme türleri içerisinde ilaç, tıbbi teşhis ve tedavi, tıbbi cihaz ve tıbbi malzemeler ile cerrahi uygulamalar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu farklı tür sağlık teknolojilerinin ayırt edici özelliklerinin bilinmesi bu konularda yapılacak araştırma tasarımlarına güç katacaktır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada farklı sağlık teknolojilerine yönelik araştırma tasarımlarında ön plana çıkan özelliklerden bahsedilmiştir. İlaç/tıbbi teşhis ve tedavi süreci ile ilgili araştırma tasarımlarında deney ve kontrol gruplarına yapılacak atamaların kalitesini artıracak olan eğilim yüzdeleri analizi ile maliyet ve zaman açısından fayda sağlayan yapay uç noktalarının kullanımının önemine vurgu yapılmıştır. Tıbbi cihazlar ile ilgili olarak advers etkilerin bildirimi, izleme ve önlenmesi için tıbbi cihaz vijilansı sistemlerinin gerekliliğine değinilmiştir. Son olarak cerrahi uygulamalar ile ilgili deneylerde sham grubunun oluşturulmasının etik açıdan tartışmalı olduğu durumlarda alternatif bir araştırma tasarımı olan pragmatik deneylerden bahsedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bilgilerin sağlık teknolojilerinin değerlendirilmesi konusunda politika belirleyici, uygulayıcı ve araştırmacıların farklı sağlık teknolojisi türlerine yönelik araştırmaların ayırt edici özellikleri konusundaki farkındalık düzeylerinin artırması ümit edilmektedir. 

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