Ceren HANCİ, Liina RANDMANN

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SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA, ÖZ ŞEFKATİN TÜKENMİŞLİK VE İŞE BAĞLILIK ÜZERİNE ILIMLAŞTIRICI ETKİSİ

Giriş ve Amaç: Tükenmişlik tıbbi bir durumdur ve tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve yetersizlik olarak olmak üzere üç boyutta tanımlamaktadır. Yüksek iş yükü, aşırı bağlılık ve uzun süre yüksek düzeyde strese maruz kalmak tükenmişliğe neden olur. Tükenmişliğin belirtileri duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarıda azalmadır. Öz-şefkat ise sağlıklı bir kendini kabul etme biçimidir. Kişinin kendisinin ve hayatının sevilmeyen yönlerine karşı samimi, sıcak ve kabul edici bir tavrı temsil eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık çalışanlarında öz-şefkatin, işe adanmışlık ve tükenmişlik üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak, sağlık çalışanları arasında öz-şefkat yoluyla dolaylı olarak iyilik halini artırmak için konunun ön plana çıkarılması ve farkındalığın artırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 43 sağlık çalışanı katıldı. Tüm katılımcılara çalışmanın amacı, gizliliği ve anonimliği hakkında bilgi verildi ve rastgele gruplara ayrıldı. Değerlendirmede; Google Survey üzerinden 74 soruluk anket yapıldı. Öz-şefkat Ölçeği (SCS), Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (PSS), Utrecht İşe Bağlılık Ölçeği (UWES) ve Kopenhag Tükenmişlik Envanteri (CBI) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda, danışan kaynaklı tükenmişlik (r= .864, p= .00), ardından işle ilgili tükenmişlik (r= .966, p= .00) ve kişisel tükenmişlik (r= .903, p= .00) olmuştur. Buna ek olarak, işle ilgili tükenmişlik ile kişisel tükenmişlik arasındaki en güçlü anlamlı ilişki de vardı. Sonuçlar, genel modelde sağlık çalışanlarının hasta ve hasta yakınları ile etkileşiminden daha fazla etkilendiğini, aynı zamanda günlük yaşam ve mesleki stresörlerin birbirini tetiklediğini göstermektedir. Özellikle öz şefkati düşük ve orta seviyede olan katılımcıların tükenmişlikten daha çok etkilendiklerini göstermiştir. Yüksek öz şefkati olanlar ile ilgili anlamlı bir sonuç bulunamamıştır. Öz-şefkatin, işe bağlılık üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisi olmamasına rağmen, tükenmişlik ve işe bağlılık arasındaki ilişkide önemli bir moderatör olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç: Öz-şefkat azaldıkça, tükenmişlik ile işe bağlılık arasındaki ilişki daha olumsuz hale gelmektedir. Sağlık çalışanlarında, eğitim ve farkındalık ile öz-şefkat düzeylerinin artacağı, öz-şefkat düzeylerinin tükenmişlik ve işe bağlılık üzerine ılımlaştırıcı bir etkisi olduğu kanaatindeyiz.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tükenmişlik, İşe bağlılık, Öz şekfat, Sağlık çalışanları, Farkındalık

THE MODERATING EFFECT OF SELF-COMPASSION ON BURNOUT AND WORK ENGAGEMENT OF HEALTH CARE WORKERS

Introduction and Objective: Burnout is accepted as a medical condition and described as three facets of exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy. High workload, over-commitment, and prolonged exposure to high levels of stress at work cause burnout. Symptoms of burnout are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. Self-compassion is a healthy form of self-acceptance. It represents a friendly, warm and accepting manner towards those aspects of oneself and one’s life that are disliked. The objective of this survey study is to investigate the impact of self-compassion in relation to work engagement and burnout, bringing this issue to the forefront in an effort to decrease negative effects of burnout and indirectly enhance well-being among health care employees through self-compassion and increasing awareness. Method and Materials: 43 health care workers from public hospitals in Turkey participated in this study. All the participants were informed of study’s objective, confidentiality and anonymity and they were assigned randomly in to groups. Survey was consisted of 74 questions and conducted via Google Survey. Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) were used. Results: The strongest correlation was client-related burnout (r= .864, p= .00), followed by work-related burnout (r= .966, p= .00) and personal burnout (r= .903, p= .00). Another strongest significant correlation was between work-related burnout and personal burnout. Results suggest that health care workers get more affected by interaction with patients and relatives of patients in overall model but also daily life and occupational stressors trigger one another. Particularly participants with low and moderate self-compassion get more affected from burnout. No significant relationship was found for high self-compassion condition, Burnout and work engagement interaction is affected by self-compassion, although self-compassion has not a direct significant effect on work engagement. Conclusion: As self-compassion decreases, the negative relationship between burnout and work engagement gets stronger. This research posits that self-compassion of health care workers can be improved through training and awareness, and self-compassion has a mediating effect on burnout and work engagement.
Keywords:

Burnout, Work engagement, Self-compassion, Health service, Mindfulness,

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Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Eğitimi Dergisi-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 2017
  • Yayıncı: Marmara Üniversitesi
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