Ali Cesur ONMAZ, Murat KİBAR, Vehbi GÜNEŞ, Ayhan ATASEVER, Gültekin ATALAN

DİLATE KARDİYOMİYOPATİLİ İKİ ADET KÖPEKTE KLİNİK, RADYOLOJİK ELEKTROKARDİYOGRAFİK VE EKOKARDİYOGRAFİK BULGULAR

Bu çalışmada, Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Kliniklerine halsizlik, çabuk yorulma, solunum güçlüğü ve karında şişkinlik şikâyeti ile getirilen 4 yaşında erkek Alman Çoban köpeği ile yine aynı yaşta erkek Golden Retriever ırkı iki adet köpek incelendi. Yapılan klinik muayenede hayvanlarda asites, kalp oskültasyonunda belirgin üfürüm radyografisinde kalpte büyüme olduğu tespit edildi. Elektrokardiyografide belirlendi. Doppler ekokardiografik muayene ile her iki olguda da mitral ve trikuspital kapaklarda değişik derecelerde yetmezlikler saptandı. Ayrıca, 2D ultrasonografide 2 mm' nin üzerinde perikardiyal sıvı toplanması saptandı. Pratik kitlerle yapılan Troponin I ve T testleri her iki olgu için pozitif olarak değerlendirildi. Tedavide Enalapril (0.5 mg/kg, PO), Furasemid (3 mg/kg, PO) ve Aminocardol (20 mg/kg, PO) kullanıldı. 2 haftalık tedavi sonrası, bir köpekte kısmi düzelmeler görülmesine rağmen, diğer köpekte dördüncü hafta sonunda ani ölüm şekillendi. Nekropsi bulguları ile DCM doğrulandı

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Köpek, dilate kardiyomiyopati, elektrokardiyografi, ekokardiyografi

Clinic, Radiologic, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Findings in Two Dogs with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

In the present study, a 4 year old male German Shepherd and a male Golden Retriever dog referred to Erciyes University, Clinics of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine were included in the study. In the history, they were suffering from tiredness, breathing difficulty and abdominal distension. In dogs, ascites and significant heart murmurs were found in the clinical examination by auscultation. In the thoracic radiography of both cases, enlargement in heart size were reported. In the electrocardiography, paroxysmal tachycardia was determined. Various degrees of insufficience of mitral and tricuspital valves were determined by Doppler echocardiography. Additionally, more than 2 mm pericardial fluid was monitored in 2-D ultrasonography. Troponin I and T was evaluated as positive by using commercial kits in both dogs. Enalapril (0.5 mg/kg, PO), Furasemid (3 mg/kg, PO) and Aminocardol (20 mg/kg, PO) were used for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although one of dogs recovered after a 2 week treatment period, a sudden death occurred at the end of the fourth week of treatment in the other dog. DCM was confirmed by necropsy findings

Keywords:

electrocardiography, echocardiographyDog, dilated cardiomyopathy,

PDF

___

Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC. Textbook of Veteri- nary Internal Medicine: Diseases of the Dog and Cat (4th Ed.). 1995; pp 996-1005.
Schaer M. Clinical medicine of the dog and cat. Manson Publishing (3rd edition), 2003; pp 151.
Bonagura JD, O'Grady MR, Herring SD. Echocardiyofgraphy. Princibles of interpreta- tion. Vet Clin Nort Am Small Anim Pract 1985; (6): 1177-1194.
Buchanan JW. Vertebral Scale System to Measure Canine Heart Size in Radiographs. JAVMA 1995; 206 (2): 194-199.
Ok M, Öztürk AS Er C. Üç köpekte konjestif kalp yetmezliği, Eurasian J Vet Sci 2010; 26 (1): 57-62.
Lombard CW. Echocardiyographic and clini- cal signs of canine dilated cardiyomyopathy. J small Anim Pract 1984; 25: 59.
Calvert CA, Pickus CW, Jacobs GJ, Brown J. Signalment, survival, and prognostic factors in Doberman Pinschers with end-stage cardio- myopathy. J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11: 323–
Monnet E, Orton CE, Salman M, Boon J. Idio- pathic dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs: sur- vival and prognostic indicators. J Vet Intern Med 1995; 9: 12–17.
Tidholm A, Svensson H, Sylvén C. Survival and prognostic factors in 189 dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1997; : 364–368.
Park C, Yoo JH, Jeon HW, et al. Therapeutic Trial of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Fac- tor for Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Three Dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2007; 69(9): 951–955.
Bakırel U, Bilal T. İki köpekte konjestif kardi- yomiyopatinin ekokardiyografi ile tanısı. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg 1998; 4 (1-2): 83
Calvert CA, Brown J. Use of M- mode echo- cardiography in Doberman pinschers. JAVMA ; 189:293. Gooding JP, Robinson WF, Mews GC. Echo- cardiographyc caracterization of dilatation cardiyomiyopathy in the English cocer spaniel. Am J Vet Res 1974; 47 (9): 1978-1983.
Kienle RD, Thomas WP. Echocardiography. Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound. London W B Saunders Company. 1995; pp 198-255.
Bonagura JD, Ware WA. Atrial fibrilation in the dog: Clinical findings in 81 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1986; 22: 111.
Darke PGG, Else RW. Canine cardiyomyopati. Vet Annu 1984; 24: 237.
Fox PR. Canine myocardial disease. In: Fox PR (Ed) Canine and Feline Cardiology. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1988; pp 467
Fox PR. Feline myocardial disease, In: Fox PR (Ed) Canine and Feline Cardiology. New York, Churchill Livingstone. 1988; pp 435
Thomas WP. Myocardial disease of the dog. In: Contemporary Issues in Small Animal Practice. Cardiology. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1987; pp 117-156.
Calvert CA. Dilated congestive cardyo myopa- thy in Doberman pinschers. Comp Contin Ed ; 8: 417. Hapster NK. Boxer cardyomyopathy: A reviw of the long-term benefits of antiarrytmic ther- apy. Vet Clin Nort Am: Sm Anim Pract 1991; : 989.
Ino T, Sherwood WG, Benson LN, et al. Car- diac manifestations in disorders of fat and car- nitine metabolism in infancy. J Am Coll Car- diol 1988; 11:1301.
O'Grady JJ, Horne R. Occult dilated cardiyo- myophaty: an echocardiyographic and electro- cardiyographic study of 193 asymptomatic Doberman pinschers. Proceedings of the 10th annual ACVIM. 1998; pp 795-795.
Douglas SW, Williamson HD. Veterinary Ra- diological Interpretation, William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd, London, 1970; pp 180-201.
Çeçen G. Köpeklerde kardiyak hastalıkların tanısında radyografinin önemi. Vet Cer Derg ; 9 (3-4): 63-70. Weirich WE. Heart Failure. In: Emergency Medicine in Small Animal Practice, the Com- pendium Collection, Veterinary Learning Sys- tems, New Jersey, 1997; pp 22-29.
Bader D, Kugelman A, Lanir A, et al. Cardiac troponin I serum concentrations in newborns: A study and review of the literature. Clinica Chimica Acta 2006; 371: 61–65.
Hagman R, Lagerstedt AS, Fransson BA, Bergström A, Häggström J. Cardiac troponin I levels in canine pyometra. Acta Vet Scand ; 49: 6. Petric AD, Tomsic K. Diagnostic Methods of Cardiomyopathy in Dogs -Old and New Per- spectives and Methods. Slov Vet Res 2008; 45 (1): 5-14.
Bonagura JD, Herring DS. Echocardiyogra- phy: Acquired heart disease. Vet Clin North Am: Sm Anim Pract 1985; 15: 1209.
Fox PR. Myocardial diseases. In: Ettinger SJ (Ed) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine (3 rd ed), Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1989; pp 1097-1131.
Başoğlu A. Veteriner Kardiyoloji, Selçuk Üni- versitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayını, Konya, ; s 23-39. Dukes J, McEwan L, Borgarelli M, et al. Pro- posed Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Canine Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. J Vet Cardiol 2003; 5(2):7-19.