تفكیك ثنائیة الذكورة والأنوثة: دراسة في روایة السیرة الذاتیة "مذكرات طبیبة

السعداوي المنشورة تحت عنوان "مذكرات طبیبة". وتقف ھذه الدراسة على فلسفة التفكیك للثنائیات المیتافیزیقیة في الفلسفة الغربیة التي حیث یمثل أحد طرفي الثنائیة ما ھو أصلي ومركزي، بینما یمثل الطرف الآخر Jacques Derrida عرضھا الفیلسوف الفرنسي جاك دریدا ما ھو فرعي وھامشي. وتتمثل ھذه الآلیة في ثلاث مراحل: أولا: الإقامة داخل ھذه الثنائیات؛ إذ لا یمكن التفكیر خارج ھذه الثنائیات المراد تفكیكھا. ثانیا: قلب التمركز في ھذه الثنائیات فیصبح ما ھو أصل فرعا وما ھو فرع أصلا. ثالثا: تقدیم بدیل محاید لنظام الثنائیة التراتبیة. وقد عملت ھذه الورقة البحثیة على تحلیل النموذج الذي تقدمھ نوال السعداوي في كتاب السیرة الذاتیة "مذكرات طبیبة" باستخدام المنھج التحلیليّ، وخَلُصت إلى أن النموذج المقدم في ھذه المذكرات یقوم بصورة أساسیة على تفكیك مفھوميّ الذكورة والأنوثة التقلیدیین؛ الذكورة باعتبارھا مركزا یمثل العقل والفكر، والأنوثة باعتبارھا ھامشا یمثل العاطفة والجسد. إذ تدخل بطلة المذكرات في دوامة من التمركزات وقلب التمركزاتتھدف ھذه الورقة البحثیة إلى دراسة نموذج تطبیقي لآلیة تفكیك ثنائیة الذكورة والأنوثة من خلال دراسة مذكرات الكاتبة المصریة نوال ضمن ھذه الثنائیات إلى أن تقدم في النھایة نظام بدائل جدیداً لعلاقة الذكورة بالأنوثة نقیّا من فكرة الصراع والتراتب العنیف.

Deconstruction of the dualism of femininity and masculinity: a study in the autobiographical novel “A Doctor’s Diary”

This study aspires to study an applied model for the mechanism of deconstruction of the dualism of femininity and masculinity by studying the Diaries of the Egyptian writer Nawal As- Saadawi that was published under the title of “A Doctor's Diary”. This study tackled the philosophy of deconstruction of the metaphysical binaries in the western philosophy that was presented by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida. One side of the binary what would be the central and the original while the other side would be marginal and secondary. This mechanism can be put into three stages. First, the residence in these binaries in which one can't think outside these binaries that are meant to be deconstructed. Second, the reversing of the centralism in these binaries to make what is central marginal and what is original secondary. Third, providing neutral alternative for the hierarchy system of the binaries. Also, this study aimed at analyzing the model that was represented by As- Saadawi in her autobiography “a Doctor's Diary” by using the analytical approach. This study has reached the conclusion that the model that was represented in these Diaries is basically established on the deconstruction of the traditional concepts of femininity and masculinity in which that masculinity is a center that represents the mind and the thoughts while femininity is a margin represents the body and the emotions. The heroine of the Diaries finds herself in a chaos of centralism and reversing of the centralism within these binaries until she provides at the end a new system of alternatives for a pure masculinity and femininity relationship away from the struggle and the violent hierarchy.

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